Triệu chứng và cách phòng chống bệnh tay chân miệng

<html> <head> <meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=utf-8'> <title> </title> </head> <div style="text-align: center;">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);"><strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp;Tri&#7879u ch&#7913ng v&agrave; c&aacute;ch ph&ograve;ng ch&#7889ng b&#7879nh tay ch&acirc;n mi&#7879ng&nbsp;</span></span></strong></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Tri&#7879u ch&#7913ng c&#7911a b&#7879nh</span></span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Tri&#7879u ch&#7913ng b&#7855t &#273&#7847u xu&#7845t hi&#7879n sau khi nhi&#7877m virus t&#7915 3-6 ng&agrave;y. Bi&#7875u hi&#7879n s&#7899m nh&#7845t c&#7911a b&#7879nh l&agrave; m&#7879t m&#7887i, s&#7889t nh&#7865 (38 - 38,5oC), &#273au h&#7885ng, s&#7893 m&#361i di&#7877n ra trong v&agrave;i ng&agrave;y. Sau &#273&oacute; b&#7879nh sang giai &#273o&#7841n to&agrave;n ph&aacute;t. &#272&#7847u ti&ecirc;n l&agrave; s&#7921 xu&#7845t hi&#7879n c&aacute;c m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c &#7903 ni&ecirc;m m&#7841c mi&#7879ng, th&#432&#7901ng l&agrave; &#7903 m&#7863t trong m&aacute;, l&#7907i, m&#7863t b&ecirc;n c&#7911a l&#432&#7905i; c&aacute;c m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c c&oacute; k&iacute;ch th&#432&#7899c nh&#7887 (2-3mm) n&#7857m tr&ecirc;n m&#7897t n&#7873n ni&ecirc;m m&#7841c vi&ecirc;m &#273&#7887. C&aacute;c m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c trong mi&#7879ng th&#432&#7901ng d&#7853p v&#7905 r&#7845t nhanh t&#7841o ra c&aacute;c v&#7871t tr&#7907t lo&eacute;t r&#7845t &#273au r&aacute;t l&agrave;m b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n kh&oacute; &#259n u&#7889ng. Ti&#7871p theo, xu&#7845t hi&#7879n c&aacute;c m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c, b&#7885ng n&#432&#7899c &#7903 b&agrave;n ch&acirc;n, b&agrave;n tay, &#273&ocirc;i khi g&#7863p c&#7843 m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c, b&#7885ng n&#432&#7899c &#7903 m&ocirc;ng. C&aacute;c m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c, b&#7885ng n&#432&#7899c n&agrave;y th&#432&#7901ng kh&ocirc;ng g&acirc;y &#273au r&aacute;t; ch&uacute;ng t&#7891n t&#7841i trong v&ograve;ng 7 &#273&#7871n 10 ng&agrave;y r&#7891i x&#7865p xu&#7889ng v&agrave; t&#7921 m&#7845t &#273i k&#7875 c&#7843 khi kh&ocirc;ng &#273&#432&#7907c &#273i&#7873u tr&#7883. B&#7879nh nh&acirc;n c&oacute; kh&#7843 n&#259ng l&acirc;y b&#7879nh cho ng&#432&#7901i kh&aacute;c qua &#273&#432&#7901ng h&ocirc; h&#7845p trong 1 tu&#7847n &#273&#7847u b&#7883 b&#7879nh. B&#7879nh nh&acirc;n c&ograve;n c&oacute; kh&#7843 n&#259ng &#273&agrave;o th&#7843i virus qua ph&acirc;n trong v&ograve;ng v&agrave;i tu&#7847n sau. Sau khi kh&#7887i b&#7879nh, c&#417 th&#7875 b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n c&oacute; mi&#7877n d&#7883ch v&#7899i ch&#7911ng virus g&acirc;y b&#7879nh, nh&#432ng m&#7897t ng&#432&#7901i c&oacute; th&#7875 b&#7883 b&#7879nh tay ch&acirc;n mi&#7879ng nhi&#7873u l&#7847n n&#7871u l&#7847n sau b&#7883 nhi&#7877m c&aacute;c ch&#7911ng virus kh&aacute;c v&#7899i nh&#7919ng l&#7847n tr&#432&#7899c. B&#7879nh th&#432&#7901ng g&#7863p &#7903 tr&#7867 d&#432&#7899i 10 tu&#7893i, tuy nhi&ecirc;n ng&#432&#7901i l&#7899n ch&#432a c&oacute; mi&#7877n d&#7883ch v&#7899i b&#7879nh c&#361ng c&oacute; th&#7875 m&#7855c b&#7879nh.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp;</span></span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Bi&#7871n ch&#7913ng c&#7911a b&#7879nh</span></span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B&#7879nh c&oacute; th&#7875 g&acirc;y bi&#7871n ch&#7913ng vi&ecirc;m n&atilde;o, m&agrave;ng n&atilde;o, vi&ecirc;m c&#417 tim, vi&ecirc;m ph&#7893i. &#272&acirc;y l&agrave; m&#7897t bi&#7871n ch&#7913ng r&#7845t hi&#7871m g&#7863p nh&#432ng r&#7845t nguy hi&#7875m, c&oacute; th&#7875 g&acirc;y t&#7917 vong, th&#432&#7901ng do ch&#7911ng Enterovirus t&iacute;p 71 g&acirc;y ra.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;"> Ch&#7849n &#273o&aacute;n b&#7879nh</span></strong></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Ch&#7849n &#273o&aacute;n b&#7879nh ch&#7911 y&#7871u d&#7921a v&agrave;o tri&#7879u ch&#7913ng l&acirc;m s&agrave;ng, ti&#7873n s&#7917 b&#7879nh v&agrave; c&aacute;c y&#7871u t&#7889 d&#7883ch t&#7877. C&aacute;c x&eacute;t nghi&#7879m virus ch&#7911 y&#7871u s&#7917 d&#7909ng nh&#7857m m&#7909c &#273&iacute;ch nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u khoa h&#7885c.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </span><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;">&#272i&#7873u tr&#7883</span></strong></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; C&#7847n &#273&#432a b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n &#273&#7871n kh&aacute;m v&agrave; &#273i&#7873u tr&#7883 t&#7841i c&aacute;c c&#417 s&#7903 y t&#7871 chuy&ecirc;n khoa da li&#7877u ho&#7863c truy&#7873n nhi&#7877m, kh&ocirc;ng &#273&#432&#7907c t&#7921 mua thu&#7889c &#273i&#7873u tr&#7883 &#273&#7875 tr&aacute;nh c&aacute;c bi&#7871n ch&#7913ng. Hi&#7879n kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; thu&#7889c &#273&#7863c hi&#7879u di&#7879t virus g&acirc;y b&#7879nh tay ch&acirc;n mi&#7879ng. C&aacute;c bi&#7879n ph&aacute;p &#273i&#7873u tr&#7883 ch&#7911 y&#7871u l&agrave; ch&#259m s&oacute;c b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n. Cho b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n d&ugrave;ng c&aacute;c lo&#7841i thu&#7889c h&#7841 s&#7889t, gi&#7843m &#273au; b&ugrave; &#273&#7911 n&#432&#7899c cho b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n n&#7871u c&oacute; s&#7889t cao. B&#7879nh nh&acirc;n c&#7847n &#273&#432&#7907c &#259n &#273&#7911 dinh d&#432&#7905ng, &#259n th&#7913c &#259n l&#7887ng, d&#7877 ti&ecirc;u; v&#7879 sinh mi&#7879ng th&#432&#7901ng xuy&ecirc;n b&#7857ng c&aacute;c dung d&#7883ch s&aacute;t khu&#7849n. T&#7841i c&aacute;c th&#432&#417ng t&#7893n ngo&agrave;i da, b&ocirc;i c&aacute;c dung d&#7883ch s&aacute;t khu&#7849n &#273&#7875 tr&aacute;nh b&#7897i nhi&#7877m. Khi c&oacute; bi&#7871n ch&#7913ng vi&ecirc;m n&atilde;o, m&agrave;ng n&atilde;o, vi&ecirc;m c&#417 tim, vi&ecirc;m ph&#7893i ph&#7843i nh&#7853p vi&#7879n &#273&#7875 c&oacute; bi&#7879n ph&aacute;p &#273i&#7873u tr&#7883 t&iacute;ch c&#7921c.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </span><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;">Ph&ograve;ng ng&#7915a</span></strong></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Hi&#7879n t&#7841i v&#7851n ch&#432a c&oacute; vaccin ph&ograve;ng b&#7879nh ch&acirc;n tay mi&#7879ng. Trong v&ugrave;ng d&#7883ch, bi&#7879n ph&aacute;p h&#7919u hi&#7879u nh&#7845t &#273&#7875 kh&#7889ng ch&#7871 d&#7883ch l&agrave; ph&ograve;ng l&acirc;y lan b&#7879nh sang ng&#432&#7901i l&agrave;nh. C&aacute;c bi&#7879n ph&aacute;p ph&ograve;ng ng&#7915a l&agrave;:</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - Ng&#432&#7901i l&agrave;nh, nh&#7845t l&agrave; tr&#7867 em n&ecirc;n h&#7841n ch&#7871 ti&#7871p x&uacute;c v&#7899i b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n n&#7871u kh&ocirc;ng th&#7921c s&#7921 c&#7847n thi&#7871t.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - Sau khi ch&#259m s&oacute;c b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n, c&#7847n r&#7917a tay k&#7929 v&#7899i x&agrave; ph&ograve;ng.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - Kh&ocirc;ng &#273&#432&#7907c ch&#7885c v&#7905 c&aacute;c m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c b&#7885ng n&#432&#7899c tr&ecirc;n da b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - Gi&#7863t c&aacute;c &#273&#7891 d&ugrave;ng c&#7911a b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n v&agrave; lau ph&ograve;ng &#7903 c&#7911a b&#7879nh nh&acirc;n b&#7857ng c&aacute;c dung d&#7883ch s&aacute;t khu&#7849n c&oacute; chlor.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - C&#7847n theo d&otilde;i ch&#7863t ch&#7869 nh&#7919ng tr&#7867 c&oacute; bi&#7875u hi&#7879n s&#7889t trong v&ugrave;ng d&#7883ch.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - Cho tr&#7867 ngh&#7881 h&#7885c cho &#273&#7871n khi kh&#7887i b&#7879nh.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </span><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;">Nh&#7919ng nh&#7853n &#273&#7883nh sai l&#7847m</span></strong></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - B&#7879nh tay ch&acirc;n mi&#7879ng kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881 x&#7843y ra v&#7899i tr&#7867 em t&#7915 5 tu&#7893i tr&#7903 xu&#7889ng, c&#7843 ng&#432&#7901i l&#7899n c&#361ng c&oacute; th&#7875 l&agrave; n&#7841n nh&acirc;n c&#7911a b&#7879nh ch&#7913ng n&agrave;y. Nh&#432ng &#7903 ng&#432&#7901i l&#7899n v&agrave; tr&#7867 l&#7899n h&#417n 5 tu&#7893i, bi&#7875u hi&#7879n c&#7911a b&#7879nh ch&#7913ng th&#432&#7901ng nh&#7865 ho&#7863c kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; tri&#7879u ch&#7913ng r&otilde; r&agrave;ng &#273&#7875 nh&#7853n bi&#7871t. B&#7879nh th&#432&#7901ng l&acirc;y lan qua c&aacute;c m&ocirc;i tr&#432&#7901ng: nh&agrave; tr&#7867, gia &#273&igrave;nh, ti&#7871p x&uacute;c v&#7899i tr&#7867 b&#7879nh hay ng&#432&#7901i l&#7899n m&#7855c b&#7879nh m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng bi&#7875u hi&#7879n tri&#7879u ch&#7913ng r&otilde; r&agrave;ng.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - B&#7879nh tay ch&acirc;n mi&#7879ng c&oacute; th&#7875 x&#7843y ra v&agrave;o b&#7845t c&#7913 th&#7901i &#273i&#7875m n&agrave;o trong n&#259m ch&#7913 kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881 v&agrave;o nh&#7919ng kho&#7843ng th&#7901i gian chuy&#7875n m&ugrave;a. Khi nhi&#7877m b&#7879nh, tr&#7867 c&#361ng kh&ocirc;ng b&#7855t bu&#7897c ph&#7843i c&oacute; nh&#7919ng bi&#7875u hi&#7879n nh&#432 lo&eacute;t mi&#7879ng hay n&#7893i s&#7847n, m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c &#7903 tay hay ch&acirc;n. C&oacute; nh&#7919ng tr&#432&#7901ng h&#7907p tr&#7867 b&#7883 nhi&#7877m ch&#7881 n&#7893i s&#7847n ngo&agrave;i Da v&agrave; c&aacute;c b&#7853c cha m&#7865 r&#7845t d&#7877 nh&#7847m l&#7851n khi ngh&#297 r&#7857ng con em m&igrave;nh ch&#7881 b&#7883 nh&#7919ng b&#7879nh nhi&#7877m ngo&agrave;i Da th&ocirc;ng th&#432&#7901ng.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - Khi tr&#7867 m&#7855c ph&#7843i b&#7879nh ch&#7913ng n&agrave;y, &#273&#7915ng xem th&#432&#7901ng khi th&#7845y tr&#7867 ng&#7911 kh&ocirc;ng y&ecirc;n, gi&#7853t m&igrave;nh, Kh&oacute;c qu&#7845y. Trong tr&#432&#7901ng h&#7907p n&agrave;y, khi th&#7845y tr&#7867 ng&#7911 li b&igrave;, m&ecirc; m&#7879t, cho d&ugrave; kh&ocirc;ng m&ecirc; man c&aacute;c b&#7853c cha m&#7865 ph&#7843i nhanh ch&oacute;ng &#273&#432a con em m&igrave;nh &#273&#7871n b&#7879nh vi&#7879n &#273&#7875 &#273&#432&#7907c &#273i&#7873u tr&#7883 b&#7903i c&oacute; th&#7875 l&agrave; b&#7879nh &#273&atilde; bi&#7871n ch&#7913ng sang vi&ecirc;m m&agrave;ng n&atilde;o. &#272&acirc;y l&agrave; l&uacute;c b&#7879nh &#273&atilde; tr&#7903 n&#7863ng v&agrave; c&oacute; kh&#7843 n&#259ng g&acirc;y nguy hi&#7875m cao.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - Kh&ocirc;ng n&ecirc;n b&ocirc;i, x&#7913c c&aacute;c lo&#7841i thu&#7889c l&ecirc;n c&aacute;c m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c hay v&#7871t l&#7903 c&#7911a tr&#7867. B&#7903i khi c&aacute;c v&#7871t l&#7903 hay m&#7909n n&#432&#7899c ngo&agrave;i Da kh&ocirc; &#273i nh&#7901 thu&#7889c b&ocirc;i, c&aacute;c b&aacute;c s&#297 s&#7869 kh&oacute; ch&#7849n &#273o&aacute;n ch&iacute;nh x&aacute;c b&#7879nh tr&#7841ng c&#7911a c&aacute;c em b&eacute; h&#417n.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; - D&ugrave; tr&#7867 ch&#7881 b&#7883 nh&#7865 v&agrave; v&#7851n kh&#7887e m&#7841nh nh&#432 th&#432&#7901ng, c&aacute;c b&#7853c cha m&#7865 c&#361ng kh&ocirc;ng n&ecirc;n cho con m&igrave;nh ti&#7871p t&#7909c &#273i h&#7885c &#273&#7875 tr&aacute;nh l&acirc;y b&#7879nh cho c&aacute;c tr&#7867 kh&aacute;c khi ti&#7871p x&uacute;c v&#7899i con em c&#7911a m&igrave;nh. Ph&#7843i cho tr&#7867 &#7903 nh&agrave; &#273&#7875 theo d&otilde;i v&agrave; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879n k&#7883p th&#7901i khi bi&#7871n ch&#7913ng x&#7843y ra.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>PYT (st)</strong></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">ngu&#7891n tin:&nbsp;http://w3.lamdong.gov.vn</span></span></div> </html>

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