Ngăn chặn những sai lệch chuẩn và giá trị xã hội trong lối sống của thanh thiếu niên

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gi&aacute; tr&#7883 x&atilde; h&#7897i trong l&#7889i s&#7889ng c&#7911a thanh thi&#7871u <span id="ctl01_chCenterLeft_ctl03_lblTime">ni&ecirc;n</span></strong></span></span></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p> <table cellspacing="3" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left" width="1" style="width: 0.75pt;" class="MsoNormalTable"> <tbody> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 2.25pt;"> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter" /> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0" /> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0" /> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1" /> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2" /> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth" /> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight" /> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1" /> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2" /> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth" /> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0" /> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight" /> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0" /> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" /> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t" /> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="ctl01_chCenterLeft_ctl03_imgAvatar" o:spid="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left; margin-left:-90pt;margin-top:-104.05pt;width:187.5pt;height:140.25pt; z-index:1;mso-wrap-distance-left:0;mso-wrap-distance-top:0; mso-wrap-distance-right:0;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0; mso-position-horizontal:absolute;mso-position-horizontal-relative:text; mso-position-vertical:absolute;mso-position-vertical-relative:line' o:allowoverlap="f"> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.jpg" o:title="Story" /> <w:wrap type="square" /> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--></span></span><o:p></o:p><img height="187" width="250" alt="" src="test.jpg" /></p> </td> </tr> <tr style=""> <td style="padding: 1.5pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span id="ctl01_chCenterLeft_ctl03_lblAvatarDesc"> </span></span></span><span id="ctl01_chCenterLeft_ctl03_lblAvatarDesc"> <p style="text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128);"><span class="text"><i>Tu&#7893i tr&#7867 Tr&#432&#7901ng sa</i></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;</p> </span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><b><span id="ctl01_chTopZoneStory_ctl01_lblTeaser">Nh&#7919ng c&#7843nh b&aacute;o t&#7915 cu&#7889i th&#7871 k&#7927 19 c&#7911a nh&agrave; x&atilde; h&#7897i h&#7885c ph&aacute;p E. Durkheim v&#7873 nh&#7919ng hi&#7879n t&#432&#7907ng b&#7879nh ho&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i, v&#7873 nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch ch&#7913c n&#259ng, sai l&#7879ch v&#7873 &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c, chu&#7849n m&#7921c v&agrave; gi&aacute; tr&#7883 - c&aacute;i m&agrave; &ocirc;ng g&#7885i chung l&agrave; &ldquo;anomie&rdquo; &#7845y, kh&ocirc;ng ng&#7901 ng&agrave;y nay &#273&atilde; tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh m&#7897t v&#7845n &#273&#7873 g&acirc;y lo ng&#7841i &#273&#7889i v&#7899i to&agrave;n nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i.</span></b><br /> <br /> <span id="ctl01_chTopZoneStory_ctl01_lblBody">Ng&agrave;y nay, s&#7921 nhi&#7877u lo&#7841n c&#7911a h&#7879 gi&aacute; tr&#7883, s&#7921 bi&#7871n &#273&#7893i c&#7911a nhi&#7873u chu&#7849n m&#7921c x&atilde; h&#7897i &#273ang khi&#7871n cho nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i b&agrave;ng ho&agrave;ng, lo &acirc;u, b&#7845t &#7893n. B&#7845t ch&#7845p c&aacute;c gi&aacute; tr&#7883 v&agrave; chu&#7849n m&#7921c v&#7873 ch&#7911 ngh&#297a nh&acirc;n &#273&#7841o truy&#7873n th&#7889ng, ng&#432&#7901i ta c&oacute; th&#7875 ti&#7871n h&agrave;nh nhi&#7873u t&#7897i &aacute;c m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng c&#7843m th&#7845y l&#432&#417ng t&acirc;m c&#7855n d&#7913t, k&#7867 kh&#7911ng b&#7889 v&agrave; gi&#7871t ng&#432&#7901i h&agrave;ng lo&#7841t, &#7903 m&#7897t n&#417i n&agrave;o &#273&oacute;, c&oacute; th&#7875 &#273&#432&#7907c nh&igrave;n nh&#7853n nh&#432 nh&#7919ng &ldquo;anh h&ugrave;ng&rdquo;, l&#7841m d&#7909ng t&igrave;nh d&#7909c v&#7899i tr&#7867 em c&oacute; th&#7875 &#273&#432&#7907c coi nh&#432 l&agrave; m&#7897t &ldquo;th&uacute; vui&rdquo;, k&#7867 ph&#7841m t&#7897i kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 hi&#7875u &#273&#432&#7907c r&#7857ng m&igrave;nh &#273ang l&agrave;m nh&#7919ng &#273i&#7873u sai tr&aacute;i... </span></span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span id="ctl01_chTopZoneStory_ctl01_lblBody"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">C&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch chu&#7849n m&#7921c x&atilde; h&#7897i tr&ecirc;n ph&#7841m vi to&agrave;n c&#7847u, &#273&#7863c bi&#7879t trong nh&oacute;m thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n, tr&ecirc;n th&#7921c t&#7871, &#273&atilde; &#273&#7863t c&#7897ng &#273&#7891ng c&aacute;c nh&agrave; khoa h&#7885c v&agrave;o t&acirc;m th&#7871 c&#7911a nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i b&#7883 &#273&#7897ng. N&oacute; &#273&ograve;i h&#7887i t&#7915 c&aacute;c nh&agrave; khoa h&#7885c kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881 c&oacute; &#273&#432&#7907c nh&#7919ng gi&#7843i ph&aacute;p thi&#7871t th&#7921c &#273&#7889i v&#7899i t&#7915ng hi&#7879n t&#432&#7907ng, khu v&#7921c c&#7909 th&#7875 m&agrave; c&ograve;n r&#7897ng l&#7899n h&#417n, c&#7855t ngh&#297a &#273&#432&#7907c to&agrave;n b&#7897 v&#7845n &#273&#7873 sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i m&#7897t c&aacute;ch t&#7893ng qu&aacute;t v&agrave; to&agrave;n di&#7879n. Thi&#7871u m&#7897t s&#7921 ti&#7871p c&#7853n &#273&#7847y &#273&#7911 v&#7873 l&yacute; thuy&#7871t, ch&uacute;ng ta kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 kh&ocirc;ng l&uacute;ng t&uacute;ng tr&#432&#7899c r&#7845t nhi&#7873u v&#7845n &#273&#7873 ph&#7843i x&#7917 l&yacute; trong th&#7921c ti&#7877n. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">R&#7845t ti&#7871c, trong s&aacute;ch v&#7903 khoa h&#7885c &#7903 n&#432&#7899c ta, s&#7921 quan t&acirc;m &#273&#7871n nh&#7919ng v&#7845n &#273&#7873 t&#7893ng qu&aacute;t, l&yacute; thuy&#7871t v&#7873 chu&#7849n m&#7921c x&atilde; h&#7897i v&agrave; sai l&#7879ch c&aacute;c chu&#7849n m&#7921c x&atilde; h&#7897i v&#7851n c&ograve;n ch&#432a th&#7853t &#273&#7847y &#273&#7911, to&agrave;n di&#7879n v&agrave; s&acirc;u s&#7855c. Trong b&agrave;i vi&#7871t n&agrave;y, ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i m&#7841nh d&#7841n n&ecirc;u l&#7841i m&#7897t s&#7889 v&#7845n &#273&#7873 l&yacute; lu&#7853n c&oacute; li&ecirc;n quan t&#7899i ch&#7911 &#273&#7873 v&#7873 nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i trong thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n, v&#7899i hy v&#7885ng n&oacute; s&#7869 g&#7907i &yacute; cho nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i quan t&acirc;m &#273i s&acirc;u h&#417n v&agrave;o v&#7845n &#273&#7873 n&agrave;y. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">1. Nh&#7919ng c&#259n b&#7879nh x&atilde; h&#7897i c&#7911a c&#417 ch&#7871 th&#7883 tr&#432&#7901ng. </span></span></strong>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Kh&ocirc;ng c&ograve;n nghi ng&#7901 g&igrave; n&#7919a, h&#7879 lu&#7925 c&#7911a c&#417 ch&#7871 th&#7883 tr&#432&#7901ng &#273&atilde; k&eacute;o theo nh&#7919ng s&#7921 &ldquo;sai l&#7879ch c&aacute;c chu&#7849n m&#7921c v&agrave; gi&aacute; tr&#7883 x&atilde; h&#7897i&rdquo; m&agrave; ch&uacute;ng ta th&#432&#7901ng g&#7885i m&#7897t c&aacute;ch n&ocirc;m na l&agrave; nh&#7919ng &ldquo;t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i&rdquo; </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Trong x&atilde; h&#7897i h&#7885c ph&#432&#417ng T&acirc;y, nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u nh&#7857m kh&#7855c ph&#7909c c&aacute;c t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i v&agrave; hi&#7879n t&#432&#7907ng sai l&#7879ch c&aacute;c chu&#7849n m&#7921c x&atilde; h&#7897i &#273&atilde; &#273&#432&#7907c coi l&agrave; m&#7897t trong nh&#7919ng &#273&#7873 t&agrave;i quan tr&#7885ng h&agrave;ng &#273&#7847u. M&#7863c d&ugrave; c&ograve;n nhi&#7873u lu&#7853n &#273i&#7875m ch&#432a &#273&#432&#7907c th&#7889ng nh&#7845t nh&#432ng nh&igrave;n chung, v&#7873 m&#7863t l&yacute; thuy&#7871t c&aacute;c nh&agrave; nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u &#273&#7873u &#273i s&acirc;u theo xu h&#432&#7899ng l&agrave; c&#7889 g&#7855ng l&#7853p m&#7897t l&#432&#7907c &#273&#7891 t&#7893ng qu&aacute;t v&#7873 nh&#7919ng s&#7921 t&#432&#417ng h&#7895 c&#417 b&#7843n c&#7911a c&aacute;c m&#7889i quan h&#7879 x&atilde; h&#7897i, tr&ecirc;n c&#417 s&#7903 &#273&oacute; x&aacute;c &#273&#7883nh v&#7883 tr&iacute; v&agrave; &#7843nh h&#432&#7903ng c&#7911a c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i trong t&#432&#417ng quan chung. Xu h&#432&#7899ng n&agrave;y cho ph&eacute;p ng&#432&#7901i nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u c&oacute; &#273&#432&#7907c m&#7897t s&#7921 nh&#7853n th&#7913c t&#7893ng h&#7907p, t&igrave;m th&#7845y nh&#7919ng &#273i&#7875m ch&#7889t c&#259n b&#7843n &#273&#7875 ng&#259n ch&#7863n v&agrave; x&#7917 l&yacute; tr&ecirc;n ph&#7841m vi r&#7897ng v&agrave; bao qu&aacute;t c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i, t&#7915 nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n xu&#7845t hi&#7879n &#273&#7871n qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n v&agrave; l&acirc;y lan c&#7911a n&oacute; trong x&atilde; h&#7897i. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&#272&aacute;ng ch&uacute; &yacute; l&agrave; c&aacute;c c&ocirc;ng tr&igrave;nh nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u sau n&agrave;y c&#7911a nh&agrave; x&atilde; h&#7897i h&#7885c ng&#432&#7901i M&#7929 R. Merton. Theo &ocirc;ng, s&#7921 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n c&#7911a t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i l&agrave; bi&#7875u hi&#7879n c&oacute; th&#7875 th&#7845y &#273&#432&#7907c c&#7911a m&#7897t x&atilde; h&#7897i b&#7879nh ho&#7841n (anomie) t&#7915 b&ecirc;n trong. B&#7903i v&#7853y v&#7845n &#273&#7873 kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881 l&agrave; s&#7921 t&igrave;m hi&#7875u v&agrave; ch&#7841y ch&#7919a c&aacute;c bi&#7875u hi&#7879n b&ecirc;n ngo&agrave;i m&agrave; ph&#7843i kh&aacute;m x&eacute;t v&agrave; ph&aacute;t hi&#7879n nh&#7919ng g&#7889c r&#7877 &#7849n d&#7845u b&ecirc;n trong c&#7911a n&oacute;. V&#7889n l&agrave; m&#7897t ng&#432&#7901i &#273&#7863t n&#7873n m&oacute;ng cho ph&#432&#417ng ph&aacute;p ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch c&#7845u tr&uacute;c - ch&#7913c n&#259ng, Merton lu&ocirc;n &#273&ograve;i h&#7887i s&#7921 &#273&#7883nh v&#7883 ch&iacute;nh x&aacute;c v&#7883 tr&iacute; c&#7911a v&#7845n &#273&#7873 nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u trong to&agrave;n b&#7897 t&#7893ng th&#7875. Trong t&aacute;c ph&#7849m nhan &#273&#7873 &ldquo;C&#7845u tr&uacute;c x&atilde; h&#7897i v&agrave; t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i&rdquo; &ocirc;ng cho r&#7857ng &#273&#7875 t&igrave;m hi&#7875u b&#7843n ch&#7845t c&#7911a nh&#7919ng s&#7921 b&#7879nh ho&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i, c&#7847n ph&#7843i ph&acirc;n &#273&#7883nh r&otilde; &#273&#432&#7907c nh&#7919ng chi&#7873u t&aacute;c &#273&#7897ng l&#7851n nhau gi&#7919a ba khu v&#7921c h&#7871t s&#7913c c&#417 b&#7843n: th&#7913 nh&#7845t l&agrave; c&#417 s&#7903 kinh t&#7871 c&#7911a x&atilde; h&#7897i, th&#7913 hai l&agrave; h&#7879 gi&aacute; tr&#7883 v&agrave; chu&#7849n m&#7921c x&atilde; h&#7897i v&agrave; th&#7913 ba l&agrave; ch&iacute;nh nh&#7919ng c&#259n b&#7879nh x&atilde; h&#7897i. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&#7902 n&#432&#7899c ta, s&#7921 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n c&#7911a n&#7873n kinh t&#7871 h&agrave;ng ho&aacute; m&#7899i &#273&#432&#7907c th&#7921c hi&#7879n ch&#432a l&acirc;u nh&#432ng nhi&#7873u t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i &#273&atilde; n&#7843y sinh v&agrave; lan r&#7897ng t&#7899i m&#7913c ch&oacute;ng m&#7863t. Vi&#7879c ch&#432a &#273&#432&#7907c chu&#7849n b&#7883 m&#7897t c&aacute;ch k&#7929 c&agrave;ng v&#7873 m&#7863t x&atilde; h&#7897i so v&#7899i m&#7863t kinh t&#7871 trong vi&#7879c chuy&#7875n t&#7915 c&#417 ch&#7871 qu&#7843n l&yacute; k&#7871 ho&#7841ch ho&aacute; t&#7853p trung sang c&#417 ch&#7871 th&#7883 tr&#432&#7901ng &#273&atilde; khi&#7871n cho vi&#7879c l&yacute; gi&#7843i v&agrave; ch&#7919a ch&#7841y c&aacute;c t&#7853t b&#7879nh x&atilde; h&#7897i c&ograve;n c&oacute; ph&#7847n l&uacute;ng t&uacute;ng. C&#417 ch&#7871 th&#7883 tr&#432&#7901ng &#273ang l&agrave;m thay &#273&#7893i m&#7841nh m&#7869 h&#7879 gi&aacute; tr&#7883 v&agrave; c&aacute;c chu&#7849n m&#7921c &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c truy&#7873n th&#7889ng. Nh&#7919ng quan &#273i&#7875m s&#7889ng g&#7855n li&#7873n v&#7899i s&#7921 c&#7841nh tranh l&#7907i nhu&#7853n nh&#432 ch&#7911 ngh&#297a c&aacute; nh&acirc;n, ch&#7911 ngh&#297a th&#7921c d&#7909ng, c&aacute;c m&#7889i quan h&#7879 &ldquo;ti&#7873n trao ch&aacute;o m&uacute;c&rdquo; kh&ocirc;ng nh&#7919ng ch&#432a b&#7883 l&ecirc;n &aacute;n m&#7841nh m&#7869 m&agrave; c&ograve;n l&#7845n &aacute;t c&aacute;c chu&#7849n m&#7921c t&#7889t &#273&#7865p. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">T&#7845t c&#7843 nh&#7919ng &#273i&#7873u &#273&oacute; &#273ang &#273&ograve;i h&#7887i m&#7897t s&#7921 &#273&#7893i m&#7899i v&agrave; chuy&#7875n h&#432&#7899ng m&#7841nh m&#7869 trong nh&#7853n th&#7913c v&agrave; h&agrave;nh &#273&#7897ng &#273&#7875 ph&ugrave; h&#7907p v&#7899i vi&#7879c ng&#259n ch&#7863n v&agrave; kh&#7855c ph&#7909c c&aacute;c t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i trong nh&#7919ng &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n m&#7899i c&#7911a c&#417 ch&#7871 th&#7883 tr&#432&#7901ng. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">2 L&#432&#7907c &#273&#7891 c&#417 c&#7845u c&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i. </span></span></strong>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">T&iacute;nh ph&#7913c t&#7841p c&#7911a vi&#7879c nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881 &#7903 ch&#7895 ph&#7843i l&agrave;m sao x&aacute;c &#273&#7883nh &#273&#432&#7907c ch&iacute;nh x&aacute;c v&agrave; &#273&uacute;ng &#273&#7855n v&#7883 tr&iacute; v&agrave; nh&#7919ng t&aacute;c &#273&#7897ng t&#432&#417ng h&#7895 c&#7911a c&aacute;c t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i v&#7899i t&#7893ng th&#7875 x&atilde; h&#7897i, m&agrave; c&ograve;n l&agrave; &#273i s&acirc;u v&agrave;o ch&iacute;nh n&#7897i h&agrave;m c&#7911a c&aacute;c t&#7879 n&#7841n n&agrave;y. N&oacute;i m&#7897t c&aacute;ch c&#7909 th&#7875 l&agrave; c&#7847n ph&#7843i v&#7841ch r&otilde; &#273&#432&#7907c nh&#7919ng m&#7889i quan h&#7879 n&#7897i sinh, nh&#7919ng th&agrave;nh ph&#7847n k&#7871t c&#7845u c&#417 b&#7843n t&#7841o n&ecirc;n c&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i. Ch&#7859ng h&#7841n khi ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch h&agrave;nh &#273&#7897ng ph&#7841m t&#7897i c&#7911a m&#7897t nh&oacute;m x&atilde; h&#7897i, ch&uacute;ng ta kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 kh&ocirc;ng xem x&eacute;t c&aacute;c m&#7889i quan h&#7879 t&#432&#417ng h&#7895 trong ch&iacute;nh b&#259ng nh&oacute;m, t&#7913c l&agrave; qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh h&igrave;nh th&agrave;nh c&#7911a nh&oacute;m, v&#7883 tr&iacute; ch&#7913c n&#259ng m&#7895i th&agrave;nh vi&ecirc;n, vai tr&ograve; c&#7911a nh&#7919ng k&#7867 c&#7847m &#273&#7847u, nh&#7919ng cung c&aacute;ch ho&#7841t &#273&#7897ng v&agrave; ph&#432&#417ng th&#7913c &#259n chia v.v&hellip; T&#7913c l&agrave;, v&#7873 ph&#432&#417ng di&#7879n n&agrave;y, ch&uacute;ng ta c&#361ng ph&#7843i t&igrave;m hi&#7875u b&#7843n ch&#7845t c&#7911a c&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i trong t&iacute;nh &#273&#7897c l&#7853p t&#432&#417ng &#273&#7889i c&#7911a n&oacute; v&#7899i t&#7893ng th&#7875 x&atilde; h&#7897i. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Vi&#7879c nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u v&agrave; ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch l&#432&#7907c &#273&#7891 kh&aacute;i qu&aacute;t v&#7873 nh&#7919ng h&agrave;nh vi sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i tr&ecirc;n &#273&acirc;y cho ph&eacute;p ch&uacute;ng ta &#273i s&acirc;u v&agrave;o c&aacute;c l&#297nh v&#7921c c&#7909 th&#7875 c&#7911a sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng l&#7841c m&#7845t ph&#432&#417ng h&#432&#7899ng. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Ch&#7859ng h&#7841n, hi&#7879n t&#432&#7907ng tham nh&#361ng c&oacute; th&#7875 &#273&#432&#7907c &#273&#7863t trong c&#7845u tr&uacute;c c&#7911a nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch kinh t&#7871, c&#361ng c&oacute; th&#7875 l&agrave; nh&#7919ng tham nh&#361ng c&aacute; nh&acirc;n &#273&#417n l&#7867, c&#361ng c&oacute; th&#7875 &#273&#432&#7907c t&#7893 ch&#7913c theo b&#259ng nh&oacute;m ho&#7863c li&ecirc;n k&#7871t r&#7897ng r&atilde;i h&#417n trong thi&#7871t ch&#7871 kinh t&#7871. X&aacute;c &#273&#7883nh &#273&#432&#7907c ch&iacute;nh x&aacute;c v&#7883 tr&iacute; t&#7891n t&#7841i v&agrave; ho&#7841t &#273&#7897ng c&#7911a hi&#7879n t&#432&#7907ng tham nh&#361ng ch&uacute;ng ta l&#7841i c&oacute; c&#417 s&#7903 &#273&#7875 ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch s&acirc;u s&#7855c c&aacute;c th&agrave;nh ph&#7847n c&#7845u k&#7871t c&#7911a n&oacute;, c&aacute;c quy t&#7855c ho&#7841t &#273&#7897ng, c&aacute;c ki&#7875u lo&#7841i v&agrave; d&#7841ng th&#7913c bi&#7875u hi&#7879n c&#7909 th&#7875 &#273&#7875 t&#7915 &#273&oacute; t&igrave;m ra nh&#7919ng gi&#7843i ph&aacute;p h&#7907p l&yacute; &#273&#7875 ng&#259n ch&#7863n. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&#7902 &#273&acirc;y, ch&uacute;ng ta c&oacute; th&#7875 nh&igrave;n th&#7845y kh&#7843 n&#259ng t&aacute;i sinh s&#7843n c&#7911a c&aacute;c t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i t&#7915 nh&#7919ng y&#7871u t&#7889 n&#7897i sinh c&#7911a n&oacute;. N&oacute;i m&#7897t c&aacute;ch c&#7909 th&#7875 l&agrave; b&#7843n th&acirc;n s&#7921 t&#7891n t&#7841i c&#7911a m&#7897t t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i n&agrave;y c&oacute; th&#7875 tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n xu&#7845t hi&#7879n c&#7911a m&#7897t t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i kh&aacute;c. V&agrave; tr&ecirc;n th&#7921c t&#7871, s&#7921 gia t&#259ng c&aacute;c t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i do k&#7871t qu&#7843 c&#7911a s&#7921 hi&#7879u &#7913ng &#273&ocirc;-mi-n&ocirc; gi&#7919a ch&uacute;ng c&#361ng m&#7841nh m&#7869 kh&ocirc;ng k&eacute;m g&igrave; nh&#7919ng t&aacute;c &#273&#7897ng tr&#7921c ti&#7871p t&#7915 c&#417 s&#7903 kinh t&#7871-x&atilde; h&#7897i. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">T&#7915 nh&#7919ng ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch tr&ecirc;n, c&oacute; th&#7875 n&oacute;i r&#7857ng nh&#7919ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch c&oacute; t&iacute;nh kh&#7843 thi &#273&#7889i v&#7899i vi&#7879c ph&ograve;ng ng&#7915a v&agrave; thanh to&aacute;n c&aacute;c t&#7853t b&#7879nh x&atilde; h&#7897i kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 &#273&#432&#7907c &#273&#7863t ra m&#7897t c&aacute;ch ch&#7911 quan phi&#7871n di&#7879n v&agrave; duy &yacute; ch&iacute;. N&oacute; ph&#7909 thu&#7897c r&#7845t nhi&#7873u v&agrave;o vi&#7879c nh&#7853n di&#7879n &#273&uacute;ng &#273&#7855n nh&#7919ng t&#7853t b&#7879nh n&agrave;y. B&#7903i v&#7853y, l&#432&#7907c &#273&#7891 kh&aacute;i qu&aacute;t v&#7873 sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i v&agrave; v&#7873 m&#7889i quan h&#7879 gi&#7919a sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i v&#7899i t&#7893ng th&#7875 x&atilde; h&#7897i l&agrave; c&#417 s&#7903 &#273&#7875 x&aacute;c l&#7853p tr&ecirc;n &#273&oacute; m&ocirc; h&igrave;nh c&#7911a nh&#7919ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch x&atilde; h&#7897i t&#432&#417ng &#7913ng. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">3. Ng&#259n ch&#7863n nh&#7919ng h&agrave;nh vi sai l&#7879ch v&#7873 chu&#7849n m&#7921c v&agrave; gi&aacute; tr&#7883 x&atilde; h&#7897i trong thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n</span></span></strong>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843i ng&#7851u nhi&ecirc;n m&agrave; c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i l&#7841i th&#432&#7901ng xu&#7845t hi&#7879n &#7903 thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n nhi&#7873u h&#417n &#7903 nh&#7919ng nh&oacute;m x&atilde; h&#7897i kh&aacute;c. M&#7897t s&#7921 khao kh&aacute;t mu&#7889n bi&#7871n &#273&#7893i, mu&#7889n v&#432&#7907t ra ngo&agrave;i nh&#7919ng khu&ocirc;n kh&#7893 c&#7913ng nh&#7855c. M&#7897t s&#7921 thi&#7871u h&#7909t nh&#7919ng kinh nghi&#7879m s&#7889ng, k&egrave;m theo nh&#7919ng b&#7891ng b&#7897t c&#7911a tu&#7893i tr&#7867. T&#7845t c&#7843 t&#7841o th&agrave;nh nh&#7919ng m&#7863t t&acirc;m l&yacute; &#273&#7863c th&ugrave; khi&#7871n tu&#7893i tr&#7867 v&agrave; s&#7921 sai l&#7879ch, c&aacute;i t&iacute;ch c&#7921c v&agrave; c&aacute;i ti&ecirc;u c&#7921c lu&ocirc;n k&#7873 c&#7853n b&ecirc;n nhau, &#273an xen v&agrave;o nhau trong cu&#7897c s&#7889ng &#273&#7901i th&#432&#7901ng c&#7911a thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n, l&agrave;m cho nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i l&#7899n tu&#7893i lu&ocirc;n ph&#7843i nh&igrave;n nh&#7853n h&#7885 v&#7899i c&#7863p m&#7855t &ldquo;khi gi&#7853n, khi th&#432&#417ng&rdquo; l&agrave; v&igrave; v&#7853y. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n d&#7877 ph&#7841m v&agrave;o nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i c&#361ng g&#7847n gi&#7889ng v&#7899i tr&#7841ng th&aacute;i h&#432ng ph&#7845n khi h&#7885 lao v&agrave;o v&#7899i nh&#7919ng m&#7863t t&iacute;ch c&#7921c c&#7911a x&atilde; h&#7897i. Ch&#7881 c&oacute; &#273i&#7873u, c&#361ng v&#7899i b&#7843n ch&#7845t &#273&#7863c th&ugrave; c&#7911a t&acirc;m l&yacute; thanh ni&ecirc;n, h&#7885 th&#432&#7901ng kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843i l&agrave; nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i c&#7889 ch&#7845p, kh&ocirc;ng b&#7843o th&#7911 v&agrave; v&igrave; v&#7853y m&agrave; c&#361ng d&#7877 t&#7915 b&#7887 nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch &#273&#7875 v&#432&#417n t&#7899i nh&#7919ng c&aacute;i &#273&uacute;ng &#273&#7855n, v&#7899i l&#7869 ph&#7843i, khi h&#7885 c&oacute; &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n v&agrave; &#273&#432&#7907c gi&aacute;o d&#7909c &#273&#7875 nh&#7853n th&#7913c &#273&#432&#7907c &#273i&#7873u &#273&oacute;. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i c&#7911a thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n n&#7871u kh&ocirc;ng &#273&#432&#7907c &#273i&#7873u ch&#7881nh k&#7883p th&#7901i c&#361ng c&oacute; th&#7875 l&agrave; th&#7843m k&#7883ch &#273&#7889i v&#7899i m&#7897t x&atilde; h&#7897i &#273ang ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n, khi n&oacute; g&#7855n li&#7873n v&#7899i b&#7843n ch&#7845t c&#7897ng &#273&#7891ng trong &#273&#7901i s&#7889ng sinh ho&#7841t v&agrave; giao ti&#7871p c&#7911a thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n. Nh&#7919ng hi&#7879n t&#432&#7907ng sai l&#7879ch trong m&#7897t nh&oacute;m nh&#7887 thanh ni&ecirc;n c&oacute; th&#7875 nhanh ch&oacute;ng tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh &#273&#7889m l&#7917a lan m&#7841nh trong nh&#7919ng nh&oacute;m thanh ni&ecirc;n c&oacute; c&ugrave;ng ho&agrave;n c&#7843nh v&agrave; &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n kh&aacute;c. Nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch trong nh&#7853n th&#7913c ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 c&oacute; th&#7875 g&acirc;y m&#7845t &#7893n &#273&#7883nh x&atilde; h&#7897i v&agrave; tr&#7853t t&#7921 tr&#7883 an, d&#7877 b&#7883 c&aacute;c th&#7871 l&#7921c ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 th&ugrave; &#273&#7883ch l&#7915a g&#7841t, l&ocirc;i k&eacute;o. Nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch trong ho&#7841t &#273&#7897ng kinh t&#7871, trong s&#7921 &#273&#7883nh h&#432&#7899ng gi&aacute; tr&#7883 lao &#273&#7897ng v&agrave; vi&#7879c l&agrave;m, c&oacute; th&#7875 g&acirc;y h&#7853u qu&#7843 nghi&ecirc;m tr&#7885ng &#273&#7889i v&#7899i vi&#7879c ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n ngu&#7891n nh&acirc;n l&#7921c, &#7843nh h&#432&#7903ng t&#7899i kh&#7843 n&#259ng ho&#7841t &#273&#7897ng s&aacute;ng t&#7841o c&#7911a x&atilde; h&#7897i. Nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch trong v&#259n ho&aacute;, l&#7889i s&#7889ng c&oacute; th&#7875 g&acirc;y nh&#7919ng nhi&#7877u lo&#7841n trong c&aacute;c gi&aacute; tr&#7883 v&#7873 c&#7843m th&#7909 v&agrave; s&aacute;ng t&#7841o th&#7849m m&#7929, d&#7851n d&#432 lu&#7853n x&atilde; h&#7897i v&agrave;o nh&#7919ng c&#7843m x&uacute;c kh&ocirc;ng l&agrave;nh m&#7841nh, th&#7853m ch&iacute; phi nh&acirc;n b&#7843n. Nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch trong ph&#7841m vi c&aacute;c ho&#7841t &#273&#7897ng x&atilde; h&#7897i c&oacute; th&#7875 l&agrave; nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n c&#7911a nh&#7919ng sai ph&#7841m v&#7873 ph&aacute;p lu&#7853t, s&#7921 gia t&#259ng c&#7911a t&#7897i &aacute;c, s&#7921 m&#7903 r&#7897ng c&#7911a c&aacute;c t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i, c&#7911a n&#7841n tr&#7897m c&#7855p, ma tu&yacute;, r&#432&#7907u ch&egrave;, c&#7901 b&#7841c, m&atilde;i d&acirc;m... &#272i&#7873u n&agrave;y xu&#7845t ph&aacute;t t&#7915 c&ocirc;ng t&aacute;c gi&aacute;o d&#7909c v&#7873 ph&aacute;p lu&#7853t v&agrave; &yacute; th&#7913c ph&aacute;p lu&#7853t trong thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n c&ograve;n ch&#432a cao. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&#7902 n&#432&#7899c ta, d&#432&#7899i t&aacute;c &#273&#7897ng c&#7911a nh&#7919ng m&#7863t tr&aacute;i trong c&#417 ch&#7871 th&#7883 tr&#432&#7901ng hi&#7879n t&#432&#7907ng sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i c&#7911a m&#7897t b&#7897 ph&#7853n thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n &#273&atilde; xu&#7845t hi&#7879n ng&agrave;y m&#7897t tr&#7847m tr&#7885ng. Ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch c&aacute;c s&#7889 li&#7879u th&#7889ng k&ecirc; t&#7915 T&#7893ng c&#7909c c&#7843nh s&aacute;t nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n v&agrave; Vi&#7879n ki&#7875m so&aacute;t nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n c&aacute;c c&#7845p, ch&uacute;ng ta c&oacute; th&#7875 th&#7845y, c&aacute;c v&#7909 vi ph&#7841m ph&aacute;p lu&#7853t c&#7911a thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n &#273&atilde; t&#259ng l&ecirc;n tr&ecirc;n nhi&#7873u ph&#432&#417ng di&#7879n: s&#7889 v&#7909 vi&#7879c vi ph&#7841m ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng nhi&#7873u h&#417n, ph&#7841m vi vi ph&#7841m ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng m&#7903 r&#7897ng h&#417n tr&ecirc;n nhi&#7873u &#273&#7883a b&agrave;n. N&#7871u tr&#432&#7899c &#273&acirc;y c&aacute;c v&#7909 vi&#7879c th&#432&#7901ng t&#7853p trung ch&iacute;nh &#7903 c&aacute;c khu v&#7921c &#273&ocirc; th&#7883, th&agrave;nh ph&#7889, khu d&acirc;n c&#432, c&ocirc;ng nghi&#7879p, khu du l&#7883ch, d&#7883ch v&#7909... th&igrave; nay &#273ang m&#7903 r&#7897ng ra tr&ecirc;n c&#7843 nh&#7919ng v&ugrave;ng n&ocirc;ng th&ocirc;n, v&ugrave;ng xa x&ocirc;i h&#7867o l&aacute;nh. M&#7913c &#273&#7897 tr&#7847m tr&#7885ng c&#7911a t&#7897i &aacute;c c&#361ng ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng t&agrave;n b&#7841o v&agrave; kh&#7889c li&#7879t h&#417n. N&#7871u tr&#432&#7899c &#273&acirc;y c&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi sai l&#7879ch th&#432&#7901ng ch&#7881 d&#7915ng &#7903 m&#7913c &#273&#7897 tr&#7897m c&#7855p, g&acirc;y r&#7889i tr&#7853t t&#7921 th&igrave; nay &#273&atilde; g&#7855n li&#7873n v&#7899i nh&#7919ng h&agrave;nh vi c&#432&#7899p c&#7911a, gi&#7871t ng&#432&#7901i v&agrave; th&#432&#7901ng &#273&#432&#7907c t&#7893 ch&#7913c quy m&ocirc; h&#417n </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">T&igrave;nh tr&#7841ng thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n m&#7855c v&agrave;o c&aacute;c t&#7879 n&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i nh&#432 ma tu&yacute;, nghi&#7879n h&uacute;t, m&atilde;i d&acirc;m ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng gia t&#259ng. Theo c&aacute;c s&#7889 li&#7879u &#273i&#7873u tra c&#7911a Vi&#7879n nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u thanh ni&ecirc;n th&igrave; trong s&#7889 nh&#7919ng k&#7867 nghi&#7879n ng&#7853p ma tu&yacute;, thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n chi&#7871m t&#7899i tr&ecirc;n 3/4. S&#7921 &ldquo;tr&#7867 ho&aacute;&rdquo; nh&#7919ng k&#7867 nghi&#7879n ng&#7853p ma tu&yacute; &#273ang l&agrave; m&#7897t th&#7921c t&#7871 r&#7845t &#273&aacute;ng lo ng&#7841i. &ldquo;N&#7871u n&#259m 1994 t&#7927 l&#7879 thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n nghi&#7879n ma tu&yacute; m&#7899i ch&#7881 c&oacute; 39,7% th&igrave; nay &#273&atilde; h&#417n 70%. &#272&#7863c bi&#7879t &#7903 &#273&#7883a b&agrave;n tr&#7885ng &#273i&#7875m th&agrave;nh ph&#7889 H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh s&#7889 ng&#432&#7901i nghi&#7879n d&#432&#7899i 30 tu&#7893i chi&#7871m 82,4%, trong &#273&oacute; d&#432&#7899i 16 tu&#7893i chi&#7871m 7%&rdquo;(1). Nhi&#7873u con nghi&#7879n v&#7851n c&ograve;n &#273ang &#7903 l&#7913a tu&#7893i h&#7885c tr&ograve;. Ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch c&#417 c&#7845u c&#7911a nh&oacute;m thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n nghi&#7879n ma tu&yacute; ch&uacute;ng ta c&#361ng c&oacute; th&#7875 th&#7845y &#273&#432&#7907c ph&#7847n n&agrave;o di&#7877n bi&#7871n ph&#7913c t&#7841p c&#7911a v&#7845n &#273&#7873 ma tu&yacute;. N&#7871u nh&#432 tr&#432&#7899c &#273&acirc;y, nh&oacute;m thanh ni&ecirc;n nghi&#7879n h&uacute;t th&#432&#7901ng ch&#7881 t&#7853p trung &#7903 m&#7897t s&#7889 &#273&#7889i t&#432&#7907ng l&ecirc;u l&#7893ng, ch&#417i b&#7901i, kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; ngh&#7873 nghi&#7879p lao &#273&#7897ng ch&iacute;nh th&#7913c, th&igrave; ng&agrave;y nay n&oacute; &#273&#432&#7907c m&#7903 r&#7897ng ra c&#7843 nh&#7919ng &#273&#7889i t&#432&#7907ng &#273&#432&#7907c coi l&agrave; nghi&ecirc;m ch&#7881nh nh&#7845t trong thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n nh&#432 c&aacute;n b&#7897, c&ocirc;ng nh&acirc;n vi&ecirc;n Nh&agrave; n&#432&#7899c, sinh vi&ecirc;n &#273&#7841i h&#7885c, con em nh&#7919ng gia &#273&igrave;nh kh&aacute; gi&#7843, con em gia &#273&igrave;nh c&aacute;n b&#7897, th&#7853m ch&iacute; con em c&aacute;n b&#7897 cao c&#7845p. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Ch&uacute;ng ta &#273&atilde; c&oacute; kh&ocirc;ng &iacute;t nh&#7919ng c&ocirc;ng tr&igrave;nh nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch nh&#7919ng kh&iacute;a c&#7841nh x&atilde; h&#7897i c&#7911a t&#7879 n&#7841n m&#7841i d&acirc;m. C&oacute; m&#7897t c&aacute;i g&igrave; &#273&oacute; &#273&atilde; &#273&#432&#7907c gi&#7843i th&iacute;ch t&#7915 h&#7879 qu&#7843 c&#7911a n&#7873n kinh t&#7871 th&#7883 tr&#432&#7901ng, t&#7915 s&#7921 m&#7903 c&#7917a h&#432&#7899ng v&#7873 m&#7897t x&atilde; h&#7897i &#273&#432&#7907c g&#7885i l&agrave; x&atilde; h&#7897i ti&ecirc;u th&#7909, m&#7897t c&aacute;i g&igrave; &#273&oacute; l&agrave; s&#7921 bu&ocirc;ng l&#7887ng v&#7873 qu&#7843n l&yacute;, l&agrave; nh&#7919ng y&#7871u t&#7889 c&#7911a s&#7921 ph&acirc;n ho&aacute; gi&agrave;u ngh&egrave;o, c&#7911a c&aacute;c khuy&#7871t t&#7853t x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#432a &#273&#432&#7907c ch&#7841y ch&#7919a k&#7883p th&#7901i, c&#7911a s&#7921 kh&#7911ng ho&#7843ng trong c&aacute;c m&#7889i quan h&#7879 gia &#273&igrave;nh, s&#7921 xu&#7889ng c&#7845p v&#7873 gi&aacute;o d&#7909c t&#432 t&#432&#7903ng&hellip; Nh&#7919ng &#273i&#7873u n&agrave;y l&agrave; ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n ch&iacute;nh x&aacute;c. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, ch&uacute;ng ta c&ograve;n ch&#432a ch&uacute; &yacute; &#273&uacute;ng m&#7913c &#273&#7871n m&#7897t &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n quan tr&#7885ng kh&aacute;c n&#7919a, &#273i&#7873u m&agrave; m&#7897t s&#7889 nh&agrave; nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u &#273&atilde; c&#7843nh b&aacute;o, &#273&oacute; l&agrave; x&atilde; h&#7897i &#273ang c&oacute; nh&#7919ng xu h&#432&#7899ng kh&ocirc;ng l&agrave;nh m&#7841nh trong s&#7921 thay &#273&#7893i gi&aacute; tr&#7883, thay &#273&#7893i quan ni&#7879m v&agrave; h&agrave;nh vi &#273&#7889i v&#7899i nhi&#7873u chu&#7849n m&#7921c v&agrave; &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c, trong &#273&oacute; c&oacute; t&#7879 n&#7841n m&#7841i d&acirc;m. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Gi&aacute;o s&#432 Edgar Morin, m&#7897t trong nh&#7919ng h&#7885c gi&#7843 x&atilde; h&#7897i h&#7885c n&#7893i ti&#7871ng nh&#7845t hi&#7879n nay c&#7911a Ph&aacute;p &#273&atilde; g&#7885i c&aacute;c hi&#7879n t&#432&#7907ng sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i nh&#432 l&agrave; m&#7897t th&#7913 &ldquo;bi k&#7883ch c&#7911a s&#7921 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n&rdquo;. &ocirc;ng cho r&#7857ng x&atilde; h&#7897i c&agrave;ng ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n nhanh th&igrave; bi k&#7883ch v&#7873 s&#7921 sai l&#7879ch di&#7877n ra ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng nhi&#7873u v&agrave; nhu c&#7847u ph&#7843i gi&#7843i quy&#7871t n&oacute; c&#361ng ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng l&#7899n. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">&Ocirc;ng cho r&#7857ng s&#7921 sai l&#7879ch chu&#7849n m&#7921c v&agrave; gi&aacute; tr&#7883 c&#7911a thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; h&#7879 qu&#7843 t&#7845t y&#7871u c&#7911a nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch th&#432&#7901ng ng&agrave;y trong m&#7897t x&atilde; h&#7897i ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n sai l&#7879ch v&#7873 gi&aacute; tr&#7883 s&#7889ng nh&#432 tr&ecirc;n. B&#7903i v&#7853y, theo &ocirc;ng, trong x&atilde; h&#7897i hi&#7879n &#273&#7841i, khi &ldquo;thanh ni&ecirc;n l&agrave; kh&acirc;u y&#7871u nh&#7845t trong chu&#7895i m&#7855t x&iacute;ch c&#7911a n&#7873n v&#259n minh&rdquo;, th&igrave; ch&uacute;ng ta l&#7841i kh&ocirc;ng hi&#7875u thanh ni&ecirc;n. &ldquo;M&#7895i khi gi&#7899i tr&#7867 n&#7893i lo&#7841n ch&#7889ng x&atilde; h&#7897i, khi h&#7885 lao v&agrave;o nh&#7919ng th&#7913 ma tu&yacute; m&#7841nh ch&uacute;ng ta c&#7913 &#273inh ninh r&#7857ng v&#7845n &#273&#7873 ch&#7881 l&agrave; t&#7841i con em m&igrave;nh&rdquo;, ch&uacute;ng ta kh&ocirc;ng hi&#7875u r&#7857ng &#273&oacute; c&ograve;n l&agrave; &ldquo;th&aacute;i &#273&#7897 b&#7845t ph&#7909c &#273&#7889i v&#7899i l&#7889i s&#7889ng kh&ocirc;ng trung th&#7921c v&agrave; ch&acirc;n th&agrave;nh c&#7911a ng&#432&#7901i l&#7899n&rdquo;(2). B&#7903i v&#7853y, vi&#7879c kh&#7855c ph&#7909c c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch v&#7873 chu&#7849n m&#7921c v&agrave; gi&aacute; tr&#7883 c&#7911a thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n c&#7847n ph&#7843i &#273&#432&#7907c b&#7855t &#273&#7847u t&#7915 vi&#7879c kh&#7855c ph&#7909c nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch c&#7911a ch&iacute;nh x&atilde; h&#7897i, kh&#7855c ph&#7909c nh&#7919ng &ldquo;bi k&#7883ch c&#7911a ch&iacute;nh s&#7921 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n&rdquo;. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">H&#432&#7899ng v&agrave;o m&#7909c ti&ecirc;u kh&#7855c ph&#7909c m&#7897t c&aacute;ch &#273&#7847y &#273&#7911 v&agrave; to&agrave;n di&#7879n c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i, ch&uacute;ng ta c&#7847n ph&#7843i c&oacute; &#273&#432&#7907c m&#7897t quan &#273i&#7875m mang t&iacute;nh h&#7879 th&#7889ng. Theo ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i, c&oacute; ba h&#7879 th&#7889ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch &#7903 t&#7847m r&#7897ng l&#7899n c&#7847n ph&#7843i &#273&#432&#7907c ch&uacute; tr&#7885ng, trong &#273&oacute; m&#7895i h&#7879 th&#7889ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch l&#7841i h&agrave;m ch&#7913a nhi&#7873u ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch v&agrave; gi&#7843i ph&aacute;p &#7903 ph&#7841m vi h&#7865p v&agrave; c&#7909 th&#7875 h&#417n. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Th&#7913 nh&#7845t, h&#7879 th&#7889ng nh&#7919ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch h&#432&#7899ng v&agrave;o c&#417 s&#7903 kinh t&#7871 - x&atilde; h&#7897i c&#7911a x&atilde; h&#7897i, t&#7913c l&agrave; nh&#7857m ng&#259n ch&#7863n t&#7853n g&#7889c r&#7877 c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i, lo&#7841i b&#7887 nh&#7919ng nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n l&agrave;m n&#7843y sinh c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch n&agrave;y. &#272i&#7873u &#273&oacute; g&#7855n li&#7873n v&#7899i c&aacute;c gi&#7843i ph&aacute;p nh&#7857m ng&#259n ch&#7863n s&#7921 h&igrave;nh th&agrave;nh c&aacute;c gi&aacute; tr&#7883 v&agrave; chu&#7849n m&#7921c x&atilde; h&#7897i sai l&#7879ch g&#7855n li&#7873n v&#7899i nh&#7919ng &ldquo;bi k&#7883ch c&#7911a s&#7921 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n&rdquo;, nh&#7919ng s&#7921 &ldquo;b&#7879nh ho&#7841n x&atilde; h&#7897i&rdquo; n&#7843y sinh t&#7915 c&aacute;c quan h&#7879 c&#7911a c&#417 ch&#7871 th&#7883 tr&#432&#7901ng, c&#7911a x&atilde; h&#7897i ti&ecirc;u th&#7909, &#273i&#7873u ch&#7881nh c&aacute;c m&#7889i quan h&#7879 kinh t&#7871, t&#259ng c&#432&#7901ng cu&#7897c &#273&#7845u tranh ch&#7889ng &#273&oacute;i ngh&egrave;o, t&#7841o c&#417 s&#7903 kinh t&#7871 x&atilde; h&#7897i b&igrave;nh &#273&#7859ng &#273&#7875 m&#7895i ng&#432&#7901i lao &#273&#7897ng c&oacute; &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n l&agrave;m vi&#7879c v&agrave; h&#432&#7903ng th&#7909 h&#7907p l&yacute; nh&#7919ng th&agrave;nh qu&#7843 lao &#273&#7897ng c&#7911a m&igrave;nh, nh&#7919ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch nh&#7857m c&#7911ng c&#7889 c&aacute;c m&#7889i quan h&#7879 x&atilde; h&#7897i, c&#7911ng c&#7889 s&#7921 &#7893n &#273&#7883nh gia &#273&igrave;nh v&agrave; x&atilde; h&#7897i. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Th&#7913 hai, h&#7879 th&#7889ng nh&#7919ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch h&#432&#7899ng v&agrave;o vi&#7879c x&acirc;y d&#7921ng c&aacute;c chu&#7849n m&#7921c x&atilde; h&#7897i v&agrave; s&#7921 &#273&#7883nh h&#432&#7899ng gi&aacute; tr&#7883 x&atilde; h&#7897i l&agrave;nh m&#7841nh. C&#7909 th&#7875 l&agrave; c&aacute;c ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch x&atilde; h&#7897i nh&#7857m ph&aacute;t huy v&agrave; k&#7871 th&#7915a c&aacute;c ph&#7849m ch&#7845t &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c truy&#7873n th&#7889ng, ph&aacute;t huy v&agrave; s&aacute;ng t&#7841o nh&#7919ng gi&aacute; tr&#7883 cao &#273&#7865p c&#7911a nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i trong l&#7889i s&#7889ng &#273&#7875 x&acirc;y d&#7921ng nh&#7919ng nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c m&#7899i trong m&#7889i quan h&#7879 gi&#7919a con ng&#432&#7901i v&#7899i con ng&#432&#7901i. C&aacute;c ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch nh&#7857m c&#7911ng c&#7889 vai tr&ograve; &#273i&#7873u ch&#7881nh c&#7911a lu&#7853t ph&aacute;p, t&#259ng c&#432&#7901ng c&aacute;c bi&#7879n ph&aacute;p gi&aacute;o d&#7909c t&#432 t&#432&#7903ng n&acirc;ng cao &yacute; th&#7913c t&#7921 gi&aacute;c c&#7911a m&#7885i ng&#432&#7901i, trong &#273&oacute; c&oacute; thanh thi&#7871u ni&ecirc;n trong vi&#7879c tu&acirc;n th&#7911 c&aacute;c chu&#7849n m&#7921c m&#7899i, ph&ecirc; ph&aacute;n v&agrave; l&ecirc;n &aacute;n c&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi sai l&#7879ch. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Th&#7913 ba, nh&#7919ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch h&#432&#7899ng tr&#7921c ti&#7871p v&agrave;o vi&#7879c t&#7845n c&ocirc;ng c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i, x&acirc;y d&#7921ng m&#7897t h&#7879 th&#7889ng t&#7893 ch&#7913c &#273i&#7873u h&agrave;nh v&agrave; qu&#7843n l&yacute; c&oacute; hi&#7879u l&#7921c &#273&#7875 ki&#7875m tra, kh&aacute;m ph&aacute; v&agrave; lo&#7841i tr&#7915 c&aacute;c h&agrave;nh vi ph&#7841m t&#7897i. &#7903 &#273&acirc;y, c&#259n c&#7913 v&agrave;o t&#7915ng lo&#7841i sai l&#7879ch v&agrave; t&#7879 n&#7841n, t&#7915ng &#273&#7889i t&#432&#7907ng c&aacute; nh&acirc;n, b&#259ng nh&oacute;m ho&#7863c nh&#7919ng t&#7893 ch&#7913c c&#7909 th&#7875, ch&uacute;ng ta l&#7841i c&oacute; th&#7875 ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch v&agrave; t&igrave;m ra nh&#7919ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch v&agrave; gi&#7843i ph&aacute;p t&#432&#417ng &#7913ng. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">C&aacute;c ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch nh&#7857m ng&#259n ch&#7863n c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i m&#7863c d&ugrave; c&oacute; th&#7875 &#273&#432&#7907c ban h&agrave;nh d&#432&#7899i nhi&#7873u h&igrave;nh th&#7913c, h&#432&#7899ng v&agrave;o c&aacute;c l&#297nh v&#7921c v&agrave; &#273&#7889i t&#432&#7907ng kh&aacute;c nhau nh&#432ng ch&uacute;ng bao gi&#7901 c&#361ng c&#7847n &#273&#432&#7907c &#273&#7863t trong m&#7889i quan h&#7879 th&#7889ng nh&#7845t, b&#7893 sung v&agrave; h&#7895 tr&#7907 l&#7851n nhau. </span></span>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Tu&#7923 v&agrave;o nh&#7919ng &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n x&atilde; h&#7897i c&#7909 th&#7875 m&agrave; nh&#7919ng ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch v&agrave; bi&#7879n ph&aacute;p kh&#7855c ph&#7909c c&aacute;c sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i trong t&#7915ng n&#417i v&agrave; t&#7915ng th&#7901i &#273i&#7875m c&oacute; th&#7875 kh&aacute;c nhau nh&#432ng m&#7909c ti&ecirc;u c&#417 b&#7843n c&#7911a n&oacute; d&#432&#7901ng nh&#432 kh&ocirc;ng bao gi&#7901 thay &#273&#7893i. &#272&oacute; l&agrave; s&#7921 &#273&#7883nh h&#432&#7899ng v&agrave;o nh&#7919ng b&#7843n ch&#7845t t&#7889t &#273&#7865p c&#7911a con ng&#432&#7901i. Thanh to&aacute;n nh&#7919ng sai l&#7879ch x&atilde; h&#7897i ngay c&#7843 trong nh&#7919ng bi&#7879n ph&aacute;p m&#7841nh m&#7869 nh&#7845t c&#361ng kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843i l&agrave; s&#7921 b&agrave;i tr&#7915 con ng&#432&#7901i m&agrave; l&agrave; v&igrave; s&#7921 trong s&aacute;ng c&#7911a con ng&#432&#7901i. &#272i&#7873u &#273&oacute; x&eacute;t &#273&#7871n c&ugrave;ng ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; s&#7921 ph&#7843n &aacute;nh b&#7843n ch&#7845t t&#7889t &#273&#7865p v&agrave; nh&acirc;n &#273&#7841o c&#7911a m&#7897t ch&#7871 &#273&#7897 x&atilde; h&#7897i./.<br /> &nbsp;<br /> <strong><span id="ctl01_chTopZoneStory_ctl01_lblAuthor">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; . GS.TS &#272&#7863ng C&#7843nh Khanh</span></strong><span id="ctl01_chTopZoneStory_ctl01_lblAuthor"><br /> <br /> </span>1) T&#7893ng quan t&igrave;nh h&igrave;nh thanh ni&ecirc;n v&agrave; phong tr&agrave;o thanh ni&ecirc;n . </span></span><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">T&#432 li&#7879u Vi&#7879n nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u Thanh ni&ecirc;n. T&agrave;i li&#7879u &#273&atilde; d&#7851n. </span></span><o:p></o:p></p> <p style="text-align: justify;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">(2) Edgar Morin : Tr&aacute;i &#273&#7845t t&#7893 qu&#7889c chung, Tuy&ecirc;n ng&ocirc;n cho thi&ecirc;n ni&ecirc;n k&#7927 m&#7899i, Nxb KHXH, H, 2002, tr.199-200.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: right;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><em><strong>Theo T&#7841p ch&iacute; Ban Tuy&ecirc;n gi&aacute;o Trung &#432&#417ng</strong></em><br /> </span></span></p> </meta> </meta> </meta> </meta> </div> </html>

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Ngày 14-12, Ban Thường vụ Thành Đoàn đã phối hợp với Bộ Tư lệnh Thành phố, Trung đoàn Gia Định tổ chức ngày hội Thanh niên khỏe khu vực lực lượng vũ trang và hành trình “Tiếp lửa truyền thống” với chủ đề “Tự hào người chiến sĩ quân đội nhân dân Việt Nam”.

Agile Việt Nam
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