Những tác phẩm vô giá về giáo dục lý luận chính trị của Đảng ta

<html> <head> <meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=utf-8'> <title> </title> </head> <div> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <div style="text-align: center; "><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><strong>&nbsp;Nh&#7919ng t&aacute;c ph&#7849m v&ocirc; gi&aacute; v&#7873 gi&aacute;o d&#7909c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng ta&nbsp;</strong></span></span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh lu&ocirc;n quan t&acirc;m &#273&#7871n vi&#7879c gi&aacute;o d&#7909c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 v&agrave; gi&aacute;o d&#7909c th&#7921c h&agrave;nh l&yacute; lu&#7853n cho c&aacute;n b&#7897, &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n v&agrave; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n ta. &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo; v&agrave; &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo; c&#7911a Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh l&agrave; hai t&aacute;c ph&#7849m l&yacute; lu&#7853n l&#7899n, c&#361ng l&agrave; nh&#7919ng t&aacute;c ph&#7849m v&ocirc; gi&aacute; v&#7873 gi&aacute;o d&#7909c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 c&#7911a Ng&#432&#7901i &#273&#7875 l&#7841i.&nbsp;</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><font face="Arial" size="2"><br type="_moz" /> </font></div> <div style="text-align: justify; ">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: center; "><img width="630" height="379" alt="" src="176.jpg" /></div> <div style="text-align: justify; ">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify; ">&nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Trong c&ocirc;ng t&aacute;c x&acirc;y d&#7921ng &#272&#7843ng, &#272&#7843ng ta lu&ocirc;n &#273&#7863t nhi&#7879m v&#7909 x&acirc;y d&#7921ng &#272&#7843ng v&#7873 l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 l&agrave; nhi&#7879m v&#7909 h&agrave;ng &#273&#7847u. &#272&acirc;y c&#361ng ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; v&#7845n &#273&#7873 m&agrave; Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh, ng&#432&#7901i s&aacute;ng l&#7853p v&agrave; r&egrave;n luy&#7879n &#272&#7843ng ta lu&ocirc;n quan t&acirc;m ngay t&#7915 khi ph&#7845n &#273&#7845u th&agrave;nh l&#7853p &#272&#7843ng c&#361ng nh&#432 trong su&#7889t qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng n&#432&#7899c ta sau n&agrave;y. Ng&#432&#7901i &#273&atilde; c&oacute; r&#7845t nhi&#7873u b&agrave;i vi&#7871t, b&agrave;i n&oacute;i v&agrave; nh&#7919ng t&aacute;c ph&#7849m ri&ecirc;ng v&#7873 x&acirc;y d&#7921ng &#272&#7843ng n&oacute;i chung, v&#7873 c&ocirc;ng t&aacute;c gi&aacute;o d&#7909c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 n&oacute;i ri&ecirc;ng. Trong c&aacute;c t&agrave;i li&#7879u &#273&oacute;, Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh &#273&atilde; tr&igrave;nh b&agrave;y r&#7845t r&otilde;, r&#7845t to&agrave;n di&#7879n v&agrave; c&#7909 th&#7875 v&#7873 v&#7845n &#273&#7873 n&agrave;y, t&#7915 gi&aacute;o d&#7909c ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c-L&ecirc;nin &#273&#7871n v&#7845n &#273&#7873 x&acirc;y d&#7921ng &#272&#7843ng m&#7841nh v&#7873 ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883, t&#432 t&#432&#7903ng v&agrave; t&#7893 ch&#7913c; t&#7915 n&#7897i dung v&agrave; nhi&#7879m v&#7909 h&#7885c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 &#273&#7871n v&#7845n &#273&#7873 n&acirc;ng cao ch&#7845t l&#432&#7907ng v&agrave; hi&#7879u qu&#7843 c&#7911a c&ocirc;ng t&aacute;c gi&aacute;o d&#7909c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883.&nbsp;</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><strong>1. &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo; - t&aacute;c ph&#7849m l&yacute; lu&#7853n &#273&#7847u ti&ecirc;n, c&#361ng l&agrave; t&aacute;c ph&#7849m l&#7899n v&#7873 gi&aacute;o d&#7909c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng ta</strong></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh &#273&#7871n v&#7899i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin sau khi &#273&atilde; nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u nhi&#7873u h&#7885c thuy&#7871t, t&igrave;m hi&#7875u nhi&#7873u t&ocirc;n gi&aacute;o tr&ecirc;n th&#7871 gi&#7899i. Ng&#432&#7901i &#273&atilde; t&#7921 nh&#7853n m&igrave;nh l&agrave; h&#7885c tr&ograve; c&#7911a &#272&#7913c Kh&#7893ng T&#7917, c&#7911a Ch&uacute;a Gi&ecirc; su, c&#7911a C&aacute;c M&aacute;c, T&ocirc;n D&#7853t Ti&ecirc;n&hellip;C&ugrave;ng v&#7899i vi&#7879c ti&#7871p thu nh&#7919ng tinh hoa c&#7911a c&aacute;c h&#7885c thuy&#7871t &#7845y, Ng&#432&#7901i c&ograve;n t&iacute;ch l&#361y &#273&#432&#7907c nhi&#7873u kinh nghi&#7879m th&#7921c ti&#7877n qua vi&#7879c nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u c&aacute;c cu&#7897c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng tr&ecirc;n th&#7871 gi&#7899i. Ng&#432&#7901i nh&#7853n x&eacute;t: Cu&#7897c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng M&#7929 1776 c&#361ng nh&#432 cu&#7897c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Ph&aacute;p 1789 &#273&#7873u l&agrave; nh&#7919ng cu&#7897c &ldquo;c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng kh&ocirc;ng &#273&#7871n n&#417i&hellip; C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh An Nam n&ecirc;n nh&#7899 &#273i&#7873u &#7845y&rdquo;(1) v&agrave; &ldquo;C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh Nga d&#7841y cho ch&uacute;ng ta r&#7857ng mu&#7889n c&aacute;ch m&#7879nh th&agrave;nh c&ocirc;ng th&igrave; ph&#7843i d&acirc;n ch&uacute;ng (c&ocirc;ng n&ocirc;ng) l&agrave;m g&#7889c, ph&#7843i c&oacute; &#272&#7843ng v&#7919ng b&#7873n, ph&#7843i b&#7873n gan, ph&#7843i hy sinh, ph&#7843i th&#7889ng nh&#7845t. N&oacute;i t&oacute;m l&#7841i l&agrave; ph&#7843i theo ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&atilde; Kh&#7855c T&#432 v&agrave; L&ecirc;nin&rdquo;(2).</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh &#273&atilde; ch&#7855t l&#7885c nh&#7919ng tinh hoa c&#7911a l&yacute; lu&#7853n v&agrave; th&#7921c ti&#7877n c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng th&#7871 gi&#7899i &#273&#7875 &#273&#7883nh ra con &#273&#432&#7901ng c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Vi&#7879t Nam. Khi g&#7863p &aacute;nh s&aacute;ng c&#7911a c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i, &aacute;nh s&aacute;ng c&#7911a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c-L&ecirc;nin, Ng&#432&#7901i vui m&#7915ng kh&ocirc;n t&#7843 xi&#7871t. Ng&#432&#7901i n&oacute;i: Ch&#7911 ngh&#297a L&ecirc;nin &#273&#7889i v&#7899i c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Vi&#7879t Nam nh&#432 ng&#432&#7901i &#273i &#273&#432&#7901ng &#273ang &#273&oacute;i m&agrave; c&oacute; c&#417m &#259n, &#273ang kh&aacute;t m&agrave; c&oacute; n&#432&#7899c u&#7889ng. Ng&#432&#7901i quy&#7871t &#273&#7883nh ph&#7843i &#273&#7871n n&#432&#7899c Nga, &#273&#7871n v&#7899i L&ecirc;nin. Th&aacute;ng 6/1923, b&#7845t ch&#7845p mu&ocirc;n ng&agrave;n th&#7917 th&aacute;ch v&agrave; hi&#7875m nguy, Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c &#273&atilde; &#273&#7871n T&#7893 qu&#7889c c&#7911a c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Sau h&#417n m&#7897t n&#259m h&#7885c t&#7853p v&agrave; nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u t&#7841i Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc;, &#273&#432&#7907c ch&#7913ng ki&#7871n c&ocirc;ng cu&#7897c x&acirc;y d&#7921ng CNXH, x&acirc;y d&#7921ng cu&#7897c s&#7889ng h&#7841nh ph&uacute;c c&#7911a nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc;, Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c c&agrave;ng mong s&#7899m &#273&#432&#7907c tr&#7903 v&#7873 T&#7893 qu&#7889c. Ng&#432&#7901i tin t&#432&#7903ng v&agrave;o t&#432&#417ng lai kh&ocirc;ng xa tr&ecirc;n &#273&#7845t n&#432&#7899c th&acirc;n y&ecirc;u c&#7911a m&igrave;nh c&#361ng s&#7869 di&#7877n ra s&#7921 nghi&#7879p x&acirc;y d&#7921ng CNXH. Th&aacute;ng 3/1924, khi tr&#7843 l&#7901i ph&#7887ng v&#7845n ph&oacute;ng vi&ecirc;n b&aacute;o &ldquo;Unita&rdquo; c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng C&#7897ng s&#7843n &Yacute; t&#7841i Matxc&#417va - Gi&ocirc;vanni Gi&eacute;cman&eacute;tt&ocirc;, Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c n&oacute;i: T&ocirc;i s&#7869 tr&#7903 v&#7873 t&#7893 qu&#7889c &#273&#7875 &#273&#7845u tranh cho s&#7921 nghi&#7879p c&#7911a ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i. &#7902 b&ecirc;n ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i c&oacute; nhi&#7873u vi&#7879c ph&#7843i l&agrave;m l&#7855m&hellip; &ldquo;Ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i hi&#7875u r&otilde; l&agrave; ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i c&oacute; tr&aacute;ch nhi&#7879m r&#7845t n&#7863ng n&#7873 v&agrave; t&#432&#417ng lai c&#7911a c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c t&ugrave;y thu&#7897c v&agrave;o s&#7921 tuy&ecirc;n truy&#7873n v&agrave; tinh th&#7847n hy sinh c&#7911a ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i&rdquo;(3).</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c x&aacute;c &#273&#7883nh c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879c &#273&#7847u ti&ecirc;n ph&#7843i l&agrave;m l&agrave; th&agrave;nh l&#7853p t&#7893 ch&#7913c c&#7911a nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i c&#7897ng s&#7843n, hu&#7845n luy&#7879n v&agrave; &#273&agrave;o t&#7841o h&#7885 tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh nh&#7919ng chi&#7871n s&#7929 ti&ecirc;n phong cho cu&#7897c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng gi&#7843i ph&oacute;ng d&acirc;n t&#7897c. Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c kh&#7859ng &#273&#7883nh gi&aacute;o d&#7909c ch&#7911 ngh&#297a L&ecirc;nin l&agrave; nhi&#7879m v&#7909 quan tr&#7885ng h&agrave;ng &#273&#7847u &#273&#7875 nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Vi&#7879t Nam, tr&#432&#7899c h&#7871t l&agrave; nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i c&#7897ng s&#7843n, ng&#432&#7901i l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o lu&ocirc;n l&agrave; nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i &#273i tr&#432&#7899c, d&aacute;m hy sinh, s&#7843 th&acirc;n v&igrave; s&#7921 nghi&#7879p &#273&oacute;. Ng&#432&#7901i c&ograve;n ch&#7881 r&otilde; vi&#7879c gi&aacute;o d&#7909c ch&#7911 ngh&#297a L&ecirc;nin l&agrave; nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c &#273&#7843m b&#7843o cho &#272&#7843ng c&oacute; ph&#432&#417ng h&#432&#7899ng, c&oacute; n&#7873n t&#7843ng v&#7919ng ch&#7855c v&agrave; ch&#7881 c&oacute; theo ch&#7911 ngh&#297a L&ecirc;nin m&#7899i &#273&#7843m b&#7843o cho &#272&#7843ng tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh ng&#432&#7901i l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o &#273&uacute;ng &#273&#7855n v&agrave; duy nh&#7845t c&#7911a c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Vi&#7879t Nam.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">To&agrave;n b&#7897 n&#7897i dung cu&#7889n &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo; c&#7911a Ng&#432&#7901i l&agrave; nh&#7857m t&#7893 ch&#7913c v&agrave; x&acirc;y d&#7921ng &#272&#7843ng ta theo tinh th&#7847n &#273&oacute;. Ngay trang &#273&#7847u ti&ecirc;n c&#7911a cu&#7889n s&aacute;ch Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c &#273&atilde; tr&iacute;ch c&acirc;u n&oacute;i n&#7893i ti&#7871ng c&#7911a L&ecirc;nin trong t&aacute;c ph&#7849m &ldquo;L&agrave;m g&igrave;&rdquo;, r&#7857ng: &ldquo;Kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; l&yacute; lu&#7853n c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng, th&igrave; kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng v&#7853n &#273&#7897ng&hellip;Ch&#7881 c&oacute; theo l&yacute; lu&#7853n c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng ti&ecirc;n phong &#272&#7843ng c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng m&#7899i l&agrave;m n&#7893i nhi&#7879m v&#7909 c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng ti&ecirc;n phong&rdquo;. Ng&#432&#7901i c&ograve;n ch&#7881 r&otilde;: &ldquo;&#272&#7843ng c&oacute; v&#7919ng c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng m&#7899i th&agrave;nh c&ocirc;ng, c&#361ng nh&#432 ng&#432&#7901i c&#7847m l&aacute;i c&oacute; v&#7919ng thuy&#7873n m&#7899i ch&#7841y. &#272&#7843ng mu&#7889n v&#7919ng th&igrave; ph&#7843i c&oacute; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a l&agrave;m n&ograve;ng c&#7889t, trong &#272&#7843ng ai c&#361ng ph&#7843i hi&#7875u, ai c&#361ng ph&#7843i theo ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#7845y. &#272&#7843ng m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a nh&#432 ng&#432&#7901i kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; tr&iacute; kh&ocirc;n, t&agrave;u kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; b&agrave;n ch&#7881 nam&hellip;B&acirc;y gi&#7901 h&#7885c thuy&#7871t nhi&#7873u, ch&#7911 ngh&#297a nhi&#7873u, nh&#432ng ch&#7911 ngh&#297a ch&acirc;n ch&iacute;nh nh&#7845t, ch&#7855c ch&#7855n nh&#7845t, c&aacute;ch m&#7879nh nh&#7845t l&agrave; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a L&ecirc;nin&rdquo;(4).</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">L&agrave; t&aacute;c ph&#7849m l&yacute; lu&#7853n nh&#432ng h&agrave;nh v&#259n c&#7911a &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo; r&#7845t &#273&#417n gi&#7843n v&agrave; d&#7877 hi&#7875u. Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c vi&#7871t: &ldquo;S&aacute;ch n&agrave;y mu&#7889n n&oacute;i cho v&#7855n t&#7855t, d&#7877 hi&#7875u, d&#7877 nh&#7899. Ch&#7855c c&oacute; ng&#432&#7901i s&#7869 ch&ecirc; r&#7857ng v&#259n ch&#432&#417ng c&#7909t qu&#7857n. V&acirc;ng! &#272&acirc;y n&oacute;i vi&#7879c g&igrave; c&#361ng r&#7845t gi&#7843n ti&#7879n, mau m&#7855n, ch&#7855c ch&#7855n nh&#432 hai l&#7847n hai l&agrave; b&#7889n, kh&ocirc;ng t&ocirc; v&#7869, trang ho&agrave;ng g&igrave; c&#7843&hellip;V&#259n ch&#432&#417ng v&agrave; hy v&#7885ng s&aacute;ch n&agrave;y ch&#7881 &#7903 trong hai ch&#7919: C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh! C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh! C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh!!! Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c &#273&atilde; &ldquo;Vi&#7879t Nam h&oacute;a&rdquo; l&yacute; lu&#7853n M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin m&#7897t c&aacute;ch th&#7853t t&agrave;i t&igrave;nh. Nh&#7919ng v&#7845n &#273&#7873 l&yacute; lu&#7853n quan tr&#7885ng Ng&#432&#7901i mong mu&#7889n nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i Vi&#7879t Nam th&#7845m nhu&#7847n &#273&#432&#7907c t&oacute;m t&#7855t trong hai t&#7915 &ldquo;C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo;. Hai t&#7915 n&agrave;y &#273&#432&#7907c gi&#7843ng gi&#7843i b&#7857ng nh&#7919ng l&#7901i gi&#7843n d&#7883 r&#7845t d&#7877 hi&#7875u, d&#7877 nh&#7899. Ng&#432&#7901i vi&#7871t: Mu&#7889n l&agrave;m c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng th&igrave; ph&#7843i bi&#7871t:<br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">- L&agrave;m cho qu&#7847n ch&uacute;ng gi&aacute;c ng&#7897.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">- Ph&#7843i gi&#7843ng gi&#7843i l&yacute; lu&#7853n v&agrave; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a cho d&acirc;n hi&#7875u.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">- L&agrave;m c&aacute;ch m&#7879nh ph&#7843i b&agrave;y s&aacute;ch l&#432&#7907c cho d&acirc;n.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">- Mu&#7889n l&agrave;m c&aacute;ch m&#7879nh ph&#7843i t&#7853p trung s&#7913c. V&agrave; mu&#7889n t&#7853p trung s&#7913c ph&#7843i c&oacute; &#273&#7843ng c&aacute;ch m&#7879nh.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">V&#7899i hai t&#7915 &ldquo;C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo; Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c l&#7841i gi&#7843ng gi&#7843i: C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh l&agrave; g&igrave;? C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh c&oacute; m&#7845y th&#7913? V&igrave; sao m&agrave; sinh ra t&#432 b&#7843n c&aacute;ch m&#7879nh? V&igrave; sao m&agrave; sinh ra d&acirc;n t&#7897c c&aacute;ch m&#7879nh? V&igrave; sao m&agrave; sinh ra giai c&#7845p c&aacute;ch m&#7879nh? C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh kh&oacute; hay d&#7877? C&aacute;ch m&#7879nh tr&#432&#7899c h&#7871t ph&#7843i c&oacute; c&aacute;i g&igrave;?. &#272&oacute; l&agrave; nh&#7919ng v&#7845n &#273&#7873 l&yacute; lu&#7853n h&#7871t s&#7913c c&#7847n thi&#7871t &#273&#7875 nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Vi&#7879t Nam l&uacute;c &#273&oacute; m&#7903 r&#7897ng hi&#7875u bi&#7871t v&#7873 th&#7871 gi&#7899i. Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c &#273&atilde; gi&#7843ng gi&#7843i nh&#7919ng v&#7845n &#273&#7873 &#273&oacute; tr&ecirc;n quan &#273i&#7875m M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin v&agrave; cho r&#7857ng &#273&oacute; l&agrave; n&#7873n t&#7843ng t&#432 t&#432&#7903ng m&agrave; m&#7897t ch&iacute;nh &#273&#7843ng kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 thi&#7871u. B&#7857ng c&aacute;ch &#273&oacute;, ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin &#273&atilde; &#273&#7871n v&#7899i c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng v&agrave; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n Vi&#7879t Nam, nh&#432 h&#7841t gi&#7889ng t&#7889t g&#7863p m&#7843nh &#273&#7845t m&#7847u m&#7905 &#273&atilde; &#273&#432&#7907c chu&#7849n b&#7883 s&#7861n s&agrave;ng, &#273&atilde; t&#7841o ra b&#432&#7899c ngo&#7863t l&#7883ch s&#7917 cho c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Vi&#7879t Nam.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Tr&ecirc;n quan &#273i&#7875m ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c-L&ecirc;nin v&agrave; kinh nghi&#7879m c&#7911a phong tr&agrave;o c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng th&#7871 gi&#7899i, Ng&#432&#7901i ch&#7881 r&otilde; c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Vi&#7879t Nam l&agrave; c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng gi&#7843i ph&oacute;ng d&acirc;n t&#7897c v&agrave; c&oacute; hai giai &#273o&#7841n: c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng gi&#7843i ph&oacute;ng d&acirc;n t&#7897c sau &#273&oacute; l&agrave; c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng v&ocirc; s&#7843n. Hai giai &#273o&#7841n &#273&oacute; c&oacute; quan h&#7879 ch&#7863t ch&#7869 v&#7899i nhau, c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Vi&#7879t Nam l&agrave; m&#7897t b&#7897 ph&#7853n c&#7911a c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng th&#7871 gi&#7899i. &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo; c&#361ng &#273&atilde; ch&#7881 r&otilde; nhi&#7879m v&#7909 tr&#432&#7899c m&#7855t c&#7911a c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Vi&#7879t Nam l&agrave; &#273&aacute;nh &#273&#7893 &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c Ph&aacute;p v&agrave; phong ki&#7871n tay sai. L&#7921c l&#432&#7907ng &#273&#7875 ti&#7871n h&agrave;nh cu&#7897c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng &#7845y l&agrave; to&agrave;n d&acirc;n t&#7897c, trong &#273&oacute; l&#7921c l&#432&#7907ng ch&#7911 y&#7871u l&agrave; c&ocirc;ng nh&acirc;n, n&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">V&#7899i nh&#7919ng nhi&#7879m v&#7909 c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng &#273&#432&#7907c n&ecirc;u l&ecirc;n trong &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo;, Nguy&#7877n &Aacute;i Qu&#7889c c&#361ng &#273&atilde; ch&#7881 r&otilde; nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c chi&#7871n l&#432&#7907c trong vi&#7879c x&aacute;c &#273&#7883nh &#273&#432&#7901ng l&#7889i c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng, &#273&oacute; l&agrave; ph&#7843i v&#7853n d&#7909ng s&aacute;ng t&#7841o ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin. &#272&#7843ng ph&#7843i x&acirc;y d&#7921ng cho m&igrave;nh m&#7897t h&#7879 th&#7889ng l&yacute; lu&#7853n ri&ecirc;ng ph&ugrave; h&#7907p v&#7899i &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n v&agrave; ho&agrave;n c&#7843nh th&#7921c ti&#7877n th&igrave; l&yacute; lu&#7853n &#273&oacute; m&#7899i tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh ng&#432&#7901i d&#7851n &#273&#432&#7901ng, l&yacute; lu&#7853n &#273&oacute; m&#7899i l&agrave; l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&acirc;n ch&iacute;nh. Sau n&agrave;y Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh vi&#7871t: &ldquo;T&#7915 trong h&#7885c thuy&#7871t d&#7841t d&agrave;o s&#7913c s&#7889ng c&#7911a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a L&ecirc;nin, ch&uacute;ng t&ocirc;i kh&#417i ngu&#7891n s&#7913c m&#7841nh &#273&#7875 gi&agrave;nh th&#7855ng l&#7907i cho s&#7921 nghi&#7879p thi&ecirc;ng li&ecirc;ng l&agrave; h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, th&#7889ng nh&#7845t, &#273&#7897c l&#7853p, d&acirc;n ch&#7911, &#273&#7875 gi&agrave;nh th&#7855ng l&#7907i cho CNXH&rdquo; (5).</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">&#272&aacute;nh gi&aacute; &yacute; ngh&#297a t&aacute;c ph&#7849m &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo;, &#273&#7891ng ch&iacute; Tr&#432&#7901ng Chinh &#273&atilde; vi&#7871t: &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo; ch&#7859ng nh&#7919ng c&oacute; gi&aacute; tr&#7883 l&yacute; lu&#7853n v&agrave; th&#7921c ti&#7877n to l&#7899n trong th&#7901i k&#7923 &#273&atilde; qua m&agrave; c&ograve;n soi s&aacute;ng con &#273&#432&#7901ng cho nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n ta ti&#7871n l&ecirc;n gi&agrave;nh th&#7855ng l&#7907i ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n trong giai &#273o&#7841n m&#7899i&rdquo;(6).</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><strong>2. &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo;- m&#7897t t&aacute;c ph&#7849m l&#7899n v&#7873 gi&aacute;o d&#7909c th&#7921c h&agrave;nh l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 theo quan &#273i&#7875m H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh</strong></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh lu&ocirc;n quan t&acirc;m &#273&#7871n gi&aacute;o d&#7909c ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin cho c&aacute;n b&#7897, &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n v&agrave; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n ta. Song Ng&#432&#7901i c&#361ng lu&ocirc;n nh&#7845n m&#7841nh r&#7857ng h&#7885c M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin l&agrave; ph&#7843i h&#7885c tinh th&#7847n M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin, h&#7885c ph&#432&#417ng ph&aacute;p M&aacute;c-L&ecirc;nin &#273&#7875 x&#7917 tr&iacute; m&#7885i vi&#7879c. Ng&#432&#7901i n&oacute;i v&#7899i c&aacute;n b&#7897 hu&#7845n luy&#7879n: &ldquo;C&aacute;c ch&uacute; d&#7841y cho c&aacute;n b&#7897 &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n v&agrave; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n v&#7873 ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin, ch&#7855c c&oacute; nhi&#7873u ng&#432&#7901i thu&#7897c, nh&#432ng c&aacute;c ch&uacute; c&oacute; l&agrave;m cho m&#7885i ng&#432&#7901i hi&#7875u ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin l&agrave; th&#7871 n&agrave;o kh&ocirc;ng? Theo B&aacute;c hi&#7875u ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin t&#7913c l&agrave; c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng ph&acirc;n c&ocirc;ng cho vi&#7879c g&igrave;, l&agrave;m ch&#7911 t&#7883ch n&#432&#7899c hay n&#7845u &#259n, &#273&#7873u ph&#7843i l&agrave;m tr&ograve;n nhi&#7879m v&#7909. Kh&ocirc;ng n&ecirc;n &#273&agrave;o t&#7841o ra nh&#7919ng con ng&#432&#7901i thu&#7897c s&aacute;ch l&agrave;u l&agrave;u, c&#7909 M&aacute;c n&oacute;i th&#7871 n&agrave;y, c&#7909 L&ecirc;nin n&oacute;i th&#7871 kia, nh&#432ng nhi&#7879m v&#7909 c&#7911a m&igrave;nh &#273&#432&#7907c giao qu&eacute;t nh&agrave; l&#7841i &#273&#7875 cho nh&agrave; &#273&#7847y r&aacute;c&rdquo;(7). Trong nhi&#7873u t&agrave;i li&#7879u c&#7911a Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh v&#7873 gi&aacute;o d&#7909c th&#7921c h&agrave;nh l&yacute; lu&#7853n M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin, th&igrave; t&aacute;c ph&#7849m &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo; l&agrave; m&#7897t &#273i&#7875n h&igrave;nh ti&ecirc;u bi&#7875u.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Ti&#7871p theo cu&#7889n &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo;, &#7903 t&aacute;c ph&#7849m &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo; Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh ti&#7871p t&#7909c n&ecirc;u r&otilde; ph&#7843i gi&aacute;o d&#7909c ch&#7911 ngh&#297a M&aacute;c- L&ecirc;nin, gi&aacute;o d&#7909c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 cho c&aacute;n b&#7897 v&agrave; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n ta. Ng&#432&#7901i vi&#7871t: &ldquo;L&yacute; lu&#7853n nh&#432 c&aacute;i kim ch&#7881 nam, n&oacute; ch&#7881 ph&#432&#417ng h&#432&#7899ng cho ch&uacute;ng ta trong c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879c th&#7921c t&#7871&rdquo;; &ldquo;Kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; l&yacute; lu&#7853n th&igrave; l&uacute;ng t&uacute;ng nh&#432 nh&#7855m m&#7855t m&agrave; &#273i&rdquo;. V&igrave; v&#7853y, &#7903 t&aacute;c ph&#7849m n&agrave;y Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh &#273&atilde; ch&#7881 ra nh&#7919ng khuy&#7871t &#273i&#7875m m&agrave; nhi&#7873u c&aacute;n b&#7897 c&ograve;n m&#7855c ph&#7843i, nh&#432: k&eacute;m l&yacute; lu&#7853n, khinh l&yacute; lu&#7853n, l&yacute; lu&#7853n su&ocirc;ng. Ng&#432&#7901i c&#361ng ch&#7881 ra nguy&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n c&#7911a nh&#7919ng khuy&#7871t &#273i&#7875m &#273&oacute; &#273&#7873u l&agrave; do nh&#7853n th&#7913c ch&#432a r&otilde; vai tr&ograve; c&#7911a l&yacute; lu&#7853n. Ng&#432&#7901i n&ecirc;u nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i k&eacute;m l&yacute; lu&#7853n l&agrave; nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i l&#432&#7901i h&#7885c t&#7853p, l&#432&#7901i nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u l&yacute; lu&#7853n ho&#7863c l&agrave; do y&ecirc;u c&#7847u c&#7911a nhi&#7879m v&#7909 c&oacute; b&#432&#7899c ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n nhanh, m&#7899i, n&ecirc;n tr&igrave;nh &#273&#7897 l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&#432a theo k&#7883p, d&#7851n &#273&#7871n k&#7871t qu&#7843 l&agrave;m vi&#7879c th&#7845t b&#7841i. Ng&#432&#7901i vi&#7871t: &ldquo;V&igrave; k&eacute;m l&yacute; lu&#7853n n&ecirc;n g&#7863p m&#7885i vi&#7879c kh&ocirc;ng bi&#7871t xem x&eacute;t cho r&otilde;, c&acirc;n nh&#7855c cho &#273&uacute;ng, x&#7917 tr&iacute; cho kh&eacute;o. Kh&ocirc;ng bi&#7871t nh&#7853n r&otilde; &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n ho&agrave;n c&#7843nh kh&aacute;ch quan, &yacute; m&igrave;nh ngh&#297 th&#7871 n&agrave;o l&agrave;m th&#7871 &#7845y. K&#7871t qu&#7843 th&#432&#7901ng th&#7845t b&#7841i&rdquo;.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">V&#7873 ch&#7913ng b&#7879nh khinh l&yacute; lu&#7853n, Ng&#432&#7901i ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch &#273&oacute; th&#432&#7901ng l&agrave; khuy&#7871t &#273i&#7875m c&#7911a nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i cho r&#7857ng m&igrave;nh c&oacute; kinh nghi&#7879m v&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng bi&#7871t ph&#7843i k&#7871t h&#7907p kinh nghi&#7879m &#7845y v&#7899i l&yacute; lu&#7853n &#273&#7875 gi&#7843i quy&#7871t c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879c. Ng&#432&#7901i vi&#7871t: &ldquo;C&oacute; nh&#7919ng c&aacute;n b&#7897, nh&#7919ng &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n c&#361, l&agrave;m &#273&#432&#7907c vi&#7879c, c&oacute; kinh nghi&#7879m...Nh&#432ng h&#7885 l&#7841i m&#7855c ph&#7843i c&aacute;i b&#7879nh khinh l&yacute; lu&#7853n. H&#7885 qu&ecirc;n r&#7857ng: n&#7871u h&#7885 &#273&atilde; c&oacute; kinh nghi&#7879m m&agrave; l&#7841i bi&#7871t th&ecirc;m l&yacute; lu&#7853n th&igrave; c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879c t&#7889t h&#417n nhi&#7873u&hellip;C&oacute; kinh nghi&#7879m m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; l&yacute; lu&#7853n, c&#361ng nh&#432 m&#7897t m&#7855t s&aacute;ng, m&#7897t m&#7855t m&#7901. Nh&#7919ng anh em &#273&oacute; c&#7847n ph&#7843i nghi&ecirc;n c&#7913u th&ecirc;m l&yacute; lu&#7853n, m&#7899i th&agrave;nh ng&#432&#7901i c&aacute;n b&#7897 ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n&rdquo;. Nh&#432ng c&#361ng theo Ng&#432&#7901i: &ldquo;L&yacute; lu&#7853n c&#7889t l&agrave; &#273&#7875 &aacute;p d&#7909ng v&agrave;o th&#7921c t&#7871. L&yacute; lu&#7853n m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng &aacute;p d&#7909ng v&agrave;o th&#7921c t&#7871 l&agrave; l&yacute; lu&#7853n su&ocirc;ng&rdquo;.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">M&#7897t n&#7897i dung r&#7845t l&#7899n v&agrave; quan tr&#7885ng c&#7911a t&aacute;c ph&#7849m &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo; l&agrave; vi&#7879c gi&aacute;o d&#7909c t&#432 c&aacute;ch &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng &#273&#7875 ng&#432&#7901i &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n c&oacute; th&#7875 bi&#7871n l&yacute; lu&#7853n th&agrave;nh h&agrave;nh &#273&#7897ng c&#7909 th&#7875. Ng&#432&#7901i k&#7871t lu&#7853n: &ldquo;Ch&uacute;ng ta ph&#7843i g&#7855ng h&#7885c, &#273&#7891ng th&#7901i h&#7885c th&igrave; ph&#7843i h&agrave;nh&rdquo;. B&#7903i v&#7853y, trong to&agrave;n b&#7897 6 ph&#7847n c&#7911a n&#7897i dung cu&#7889n s&aacute;ch l&agrave;: Ph&ecirc; b&igrave;nh v&agrave; s&#7917a ch&#7919a; M&#7845y &#273i&#7873u kinh nghi&#7879m; T&#432 c&aacute;ch v&agrave; &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng; V&#7845n &#273&#7873 c&aacute;n b&#7897 C&aacute;ch l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o; Ch&#7889ng th&oacute;i ba hoa, th&igrave; ph&#7847n &ldquo;T&#432 c&aacute;ch v&agrave; &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng&rdquo; c&oacute; v&#7883 tr&iacute; &#273&#7863c bi&#7879t quan tr&#7885ng v&agrave; c&oacute; &#273&#7897 d&agrave;i nh&#7845t trong t&aacute;c ph&#7849m.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">V&#7845n &#273&#7873 &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng c&#361ng &#273&atilde; &#273&#432&#7907c Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh n&ecirc;u l&ecirc;n nh&#432 m&#7897t nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c &ldquo;s&#7889ng c&ograve;n&rdquo; trong x&acirc;y d&#7921ng &#272&#7843ng C&#7897ng s&#7843n Vi&#7879t Nam &#7903 t&aacute;c ph&#7849m &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo; n&#259m 1927. V&agrave; &#273&acirc;y l&agrave; n&#7897i dung gi&aacute;o d&#7909c &#273&#7847u ti&ecirc;n trong c&aacute;c l&#7899p hu&#7845n luy&#7879n c&aacute;n b&#7897 c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng ta l&uacute;c &#273&oacute;. &quot;Trung v&#7899i n&#432&#7899c, hi&#7871u v&#7899i d&acirc;n&quot;, ph&#7849m ch&#7845t c&#417 b&#7843n c&#7911a &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng m&#7899i &#273&#432&#7907c n&ecirc;u l&ecirc;n r&#7845t r&otilde; trong t&aacute;c ph&#7849m n&agrave;y. C&oacute; ph&#7849m ch&#7845t &#7845y ng&#432&#7901i c&aacute;n b&#7897 &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n c&oacute; th&#7875 s&#7861n s&agrave;ng hy sinh v&igrave; s&#7921 nghi&#7879p c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng, c&#7911a d&acirc;n t&#7897c. &ldquo;V&#7883 c&ocirc;ng vong t&#432. Kh&ocirc;ng hi&#7871u danh. Kh&ocirc;ng ki&ecirc;u ng&#7841o. N&oacute;i th&igrave; ph&#7843i l&agrave;m. &Iacute;t l&ograve;ng ham mu&#7889n v&#7853t ch&#7845t. Gi&#7919 v&#7919ng ch&#7911 ngh&#297a. Bi&#7871t hy sinh&rdquo;&hellip;T&#432 c&aacute;ch &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c &#273&oacute; l&#7841i &#273&#432&#7907c Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n s&acirc;u s&#7855c th&ecirc;m, c&#7909 th&#7875 h&#417n trong t&aacute;c ph&#7849m &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo; trong &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n m&#7899i, khi &#272&#7843ng &#273&atilde; tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh &#272&#7843ng c&#7847m quy&#7873n.&nbsp;</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">&#7902 &#273&acirc;y, Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh y&ecirc;u c&#7847u m&#7895i &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n ph&#7843i th&#7921c hi&#7879n m&#7897t c&aacute;ch nghi&ecirc;m t&uacute;c m&#7889i quan h&#7879 gi&#7919a l&#7901i n&oacute;i v&agrave; vi&#7879c l&agrave;m v&agrave; n&ecirc;u c&#7909 th&#7875 nhi&#7879m v&#7909 c&#7911a m&#7895i c&aacute;n b&#7897 &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n ph&#7843i l&agrave;m g&igrave; v&agrave; l&agrave;m nh&#432 th&#7871 n&agrave;o &#273&#7875 th&#7921c h&agrave;nh l&yacute; lu&#7853n. Nh&#7919ng nhi&#7879m v&#7909 &#273&oacute; &#273&#432&#7907c Ng&#432&#7901i tr&igrave;nh b&agrave;y c&#7909 th&#7875 trong c&aacute;c ph&#7847n: v&#7873 ph&#7853n s&#7921 c&#7911a &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n v&agrave; c&aacute;n b&#7897 v&#7873 t&#432 c&aacute;ch v&agrave; b&#7893n ph&#7853n c&#7911a &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n; v&#7873 v&#7845n &#273&#7873 v&igrave; sao &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n ph&#7843i r&egrave;n luy&#7879n t&iacute;nh &#272&#7843ng. &#272i&#7873u c&#7889t l&otilde;i &#273&#7875 th&#7921c hi&#7879n nh&#7919ng nhi&#7879m v&#7909 &#273&oacute; l&agrave; ph&#7843i tr&#7885ng l&#7907i &iacute;ch c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng h&#417n l&#7907i &iacute;ch c&#7911a c&aacute; nh&acirc;n. Ng&#432&#7901i vi&#7871t: &ldquo;V&ocirc; lu&#7853n th&#7871 n&agrave;o, v&ocirc; lu&#7853n vi&#7879c g&igrave;, &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n v&agrave; c&aacute;n b&#7897 ph&#7843i &#273&#7863t l&#7907i &iacute;ch c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng ra tr&#432&#7899c, l&#7907i &iacute;ch c&aacute; nh&acirc;n l&#7841i sau. &#272&oacute; l&agrave; nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c cao nh&#7845t c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng&rdquo;. Tr&aacute;i l&#7841i nh&#7919ng &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n v&agrave; c&aacute;n b&#7897 n&agrave;o &ldquo;ham mu&#7889n &#273&#7883a v&#7883, t&igrave;m c&aacute;ch ph&aacute;t t&agrave;i, ra m&#7863t anh h&ugrave;ng, t&#7921 cao t&#7921 &#273&#7841i,v.v..&#272&oacute; &#273&#7873u l&agrave; tr&aacute;i v&#7899i l&#7907i &iacute;ch c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng&rdquo;. C&#361ng trong t&aacute;c ph&#7849m n&agrave;y, nh&#7919ng v&#7845n &#273&#7873 v&#7873 &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng m&#7897t l&#7847n n&#7919a &#273&#432&#7907c Ng&#432&#7901i ph&acirc;n t&iacute;ch, gi&#7843ng gi&#7843i. Theo &#273&oacute;, nh&acirc;n, ngh&#297a, tr&iacute;, d&#361ng, li&ecirc;m l&agrave; nh&#7919ng n&#7897i dung c&#417 b&#7843n c&#7911a t&#432 c&aacute;ch &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng. T&#432 c&aacute;ch &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c &#7845y l&agrave; c&#417 s&#7903, l&agrave; c&#7889t l&otilde;i &#273&#7875 th&#7921c h&agrave;nh l&yacute; lu&#7853n. Ng&#432&#7901i ch&#7881 r&otilde;: Trong &#272&#7843ng ta c&ograve;n c&oacute; nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i ch&#432a h&#7885c &#273&#432&#7907c, ch&#432a l&agrave;m &#273&#432&#7907c b&#7889n ch&#7919 &ldquo;ch&iacute; c&ocirc;ng v&ocirc; t&#432&quot;, cho n&ecirc;n m&#7855c ph&#7843i t&iacute;nh ch&#7911 ngh&#297a c&aacute; nh&acirc;n. Ch&#7911 ngh&#297a c&aacute; nh&acirc;n nh&#432 m&#7897t th&#7913 vi tr&ugrave;ng r&#7845t &#273&#7897c, do n&oacute; m&agrave; sinh ra c&aacute;c ch&#7913ng b&#7879nh nguy hi&#7875m.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">&#272&#7885c l&#7841i &ldquo;T&#432 c&aacute;ch v&agrave; &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng&rdquo; trong &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo; ch&uacute;ng ta c&agrave;ng hi&#7875u th&ecirc;m t&#432 t&#432&#7903ng &#273&#7841o &#273&#7913c H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh. Ch&uacute;ng ta c&#361ng c&agrave;ng hi&#7875u th&ecirc;m mong mu&#7889n c&#7911a B&aacute;c &#273&#7889i v&#7899i s&#7921 ph&#7845n &#273&#7845u tu d&#432&#7905ng c&#7911a m&#7895i ng&#432&#7901i, &#273&#7875 c&oacute; &#273&#7911 &#273&#7913c v&agrave; t&agrave;i &#273&#432a ch&#7911 tr&#432&#417ng, &#273&#432&#7901ng l&#7889i v&agrave; ngh&#7883 quy&#7871t c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng v&agrave;o cu&#7897c s&#7889ng.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">3. &#272&#7875 x&acirc;y d&#7921ng &#272&#7843ng trong s&#7841ch, v&#7919ng m&#7841nh ph&#7843i &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo; v&#7873 phong c&aacute;ch v&agrave; ph&#432&#417ng ph&aacute;p l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o nh&#7857m th&#7921c h&agrave;nh l&yacute; lu&#7853n</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">N&oacute;i v&#7873 &ldquo;C&aacute;ch l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o&rdquo; trong &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo;, Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh n&ecirc;u l&ecirc;n c&aacute;ch &#273&#7875 c&aacute;n b&#7897, &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n c&oacute; th&#7875 t&#7853p h&#7907p, t&#7893 ch&#7913c, l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n th&#7921c hi&#7879n c&aacute;c ch&#7911 tr&#432&#417ng, &#273&#432&#7901ng l&#7889i, ngh&#7883 quy&#7871t c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng v&agrave; ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch c&#7911a Ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911. &#272&acirc;y l&agrave; nh&#7919ng b&agrave;i h&#7885c v&ocirc; c&ugrave;ng qu&yacute; b&aacute;u &#273&#7875 tr&aacute;nh &#273&#432&#7907c t&igrave;nh tr&#7841ng: ch&#7911 tr&#432&#417ng, ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch ban h&agrave;nh th&igrave; nhi&#7873u nh&#432ng kh&ocirc;ng th&#7921c hi&#7879n &#273&#432&#7907c, ho&#7863c th&#7921c hi&#7879n kh&ocirc;ng &#273&#7871n n&#417i &#273&#7871n ch&#7889n.&nbsp;</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">N&ecirc;u v&#7845n &#273&#7873 ph&#7843i l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o &#273&uacute;ng, Ng&#432&#7901i vi&#7871t: L&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o &#273&uacute;ng ngh&#297a l&agrave;: 1- Ph&#7843i quy&#7871t &#273&#7883nh m&#7885i v&#7845n &#273&#7873 cho &#273&uacute;ng&hellip;2- Ph&#7843i t&#7893 ch&#7913c s&#7921 thi h&agrave;nh cho &#273&uacute;ng&hellip;3- Ph&#7843i t&#7893 ch&#7913c ki&#7875m so&aacute;t. Ba n&#7897i dung l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o &#273&oacute; quan h&#7879 m&#7853t thi&#7871t v&#417i nhau v&agrave; &#273&#7873u g&#7855n b&oacute;, d&#7921a v&agrave;o nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n, th&#7921c h&agrave;nh s&#7921 k&#7871t h&#7907p &#273&aacute;nh gi&aacute; t&#7915 tr&ecirc;n xu&#7889ng v&#7899i t&#7915 d&#432&#7899i l&ecirc;n &#273&#7875 &#273&aacute;nh gi&aacute; &#273&#432&#7907c &#273&uacute;ng &#273&#7855n, ho&agrave;n thi&#7879n h&#417n. &#272&#7875 x&acirc;y d&#7921ng &#273&#432&#7907c c&aacute;ch l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o nh&#432 th&#7871, Ng&#432&#7901i n&ecirc;u v&#7845n &#273&#7873 ph&#7843i ch&#7885n ng&#432&#7901i l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o: &ldquo;Ch&#7885n ng&#432&#7901i v&agrave; thay ng&#432&#7901i l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o l&agrave; v&#7845n &#273&#7873 quan tr&#7885ng trong vi&#7879c l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o&hellip;Nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i m&#7855c ph&#7843i b&#7879nh quan li&ecirc;u, b&#7879nh b&agrave;n gi&#7845y, kh&ocirc;ng l&agrave;m &#273&#432&#7907c vi&#7879c, ph&#7843i thay &#273i; Nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i c&#7853y m&igrave;nh l&agrave; &ldquo;c&ocirc;ng th&#7847n c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng&rdquo; r&#7891i &#273&acirc;m ra ngang t&agrave;ng, kh&ocirc;ng gi&#7919 k&#7927 lu&#7853t th&igrave; c&#7847n ph&#7843i m&#7901i h&#7885 xu&#7889ng c&ocirc;ng t&aacute;c h&#7841 t&#7847ng, kh&eacute;p h&#7885 v&agrave;o k&#7927 lu&#7853t &#273&#7875 ch&#7919a t&iacute;nh ki&ecirc;u ng&#7841o, th&oacute;i quan li&ecirc;u cho h&#7885 v&agrave; &#273&#7875 gi&#7919 k&#7927 lu&#7853t c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng v&agrave; Ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911 M&#7897t h&#7841ng ng&#432&#7901i th&#7913 ba c&#361ng kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 &#7903 v&#7883 tr&iacute; l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o, &#273&oacute; l&agrave; h&#7841ng ng&#432&#7901i n&oacute;i su&ocirc;ng. &#272&oacute; l&agrave; nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i ch&#7881 &ldquo;bi&#7871t n&oacute;i v&agrave; n&oacute;i, n&oacute;i gi&#7901 n&agrave;y qua gi&#7901 kh&aacute;c, ng&agrave;y n&agrave;y qua ng&agrave;y kh&aacute;c. Nh&#432ng m&#7897t vi&#7879c g&igrave; thi&#7871t th&#7921c c&#361ng kh&ocirc;ng l&agrave;m &#273&#432&#7907c&rdquo;. N&#7871u &#273&#7875 nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i nh&#432 th&#7871 &#7903 v&#7883 tr&iacute; l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o, theo Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh l&agrave; s&#7869 ch&#7881 l&agrave;m h&#7841i uy t&iacute;n c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng, kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 t&#7853p h&#7907p, l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o &#273&#432&#7907c qu&#7847n ch&uacute;ng nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">V&igrave; v&#7853y, h&#7885c t&#7853p v&agrave; l&agrave;m theo t&#432 t&#432&#7903ng, phong c&aacute;ch l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh, tr&#432&#7899c h&#7871t l&agrave; ph&#7843i ph&aacute;t hi&#7879n ra h&#7841ng ng&#432&#7901i nh&#432 th&#7871 v&agrave; &#273i&#7873u quan tr&#7885ng l&agrave; ph&#7843i ki&ecirc;n quy&#7871t lo&#7841i nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i &#273&oacute; ra kh&#7887i v&#7883 tr&iacute; l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o, b&#7903i v&igrave; h&#7885 qu&aacute; xa l&#7841 v&#7899i phong c&aacute;ch v&agrave; ph&#432&#417ng ph&aacute;p l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o m&agrave; Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh &#273&atilde; n&ecirc;u trong &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo;.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh c&#361ng ch&#7881 r&otilde;: mu&#7889n l&yacute; lu&#7853n &#273&#432&#7907c th&#7921c h&agrave;nh th&igrave; ph&#7843i c&oacute; l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c thi&#7871t th&#7921c, hi&#7879u qu&#7843. Ng&#432&#7901i &#273&ograve;i h&#7887i m&#7895i c&aacute;n b&#7897 ph&#7909 tr&aacute;ch ph&#7843i th&#7921c hi&#7879n cho &#273&#432&#7907c l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c n&agrave;y. Ph&#7843i kh&#7855c ph&#7909c b&#7879nh quan li&ecirc;u &ldquo;h&#7919u danh v&ocirc; th&#7921c&rdquo;, tr&aacute;nh l&#7889i &ldquo;l&agrave;m cho qua chuy&#7879n, l&agrave;m l&#7845y r&#7891i&rdquo;, ch&#7881 ham l&agrave;m ch&#7911 t&#7883ch n&agrave;y, u&#7927 vi&ecirc;n n&#7885, ch&#7913 kh&ocirc;ng l&agrave;m c&ocirc;ng t&aacute;c th&#7921c t&#7871. &#272&#7875 l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o thi&#7871t th&#7921c, Ng&#432&#7901i n&ecirc;u l&ecirc;n hai c&aacute;ch l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o: M&#7897t l&agrave;, li&ecirc;n h&#7907p ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch chung v&#7899i ch&#7881 &#273&#7841o ri&ecirc;ng. Hai l&agrave;, li&ecirc;n h&#7907p ng&#432&#7901i l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o v&#7899i qu&#7847n ch&uacute;ng. Nh&#432 th&#7871 l&agrave; m&#7897t c&aacute;ch l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o thi&#7871t th&#7921c. Ng&#432&#7901i c&#361ng cho &#273&oacute; l&agrave; m&#7897t c&aacute;ch v&#7915a l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o v&#7915a h&#7885c t&#7853p v&agrave; ch&#7881 r&otilde;: &ldquo;B&#7845t k&#7923 ng&#432&#7901i l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o n&agrave;o, n&#7871u kh&ocirc;ng h&#7885c n&#7893i nh&#7919ng vi&#7879c thi&#7871t th&#7921c, nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i thi&#7871t th&#7921c v&agrave; nh&#7919ng b&#7897 ph&#7853n thi&#7871t th&#7921c c&#7911a c&#7845p d&#432&#7899i, &#273&#7875 r&uacute;t kinh nghi&#7879m, th&igrave; nh&#7845t &#273&#7883nh kh&ocirc;ng bi&#7871t ch&#7881 &#273&#7841o chung cho t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c b&#7897 ph&#7853n&rdquo;.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Thi&#7871t th&#7921c l&agrave; phong c&aacute;ch l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o n&#7893i b&#7853t c&#7911a Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh. &#272&acirc;y c&#361ng l&agrave; b&agrave;i h&#7885c s&acirc;u s&#7855c, l&agrave; kinh nghi&#7879m qu&yacute; gi&aacute; m&agrave; Ng&#432&#7901i &#273&#7875 l&#7841i trong &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo; v&agrave; trong th&#7921c ti&#7877n l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o s&#7921 nghi&#7879p c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng c&#7911a nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n ta. L&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o thi&#7871t th&#7921c l&agrave; c&aacute;ch t&#7889t nh&#7845t &#273&#7875 t&#7853p h&#7907p, t&#7893 ch&#7913c v&agrave; &#273&#7897ng vi&ecirc;n nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n &#273&#432a ngh&#7883 quy&#7871t c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng v&agrave;o cu&#7897c s&#7889ng.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Su&#7889t &#273&#7901i quan t&acirc;m &#273&#7871n vi&#7879c gi&aacute;o d&#7909c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 v&agrave; gi&aacute;o d&#7909c th&#7921c h&agrave;nh l&yacute; lu&#7853n cho c&aacute;n b&#7897, &#273&#7843ng vi&ecirc;n v&agrave; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n ta, &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo; v&agrave; &ldquo;S&#7917a &#273&#7893i l&#7889i l&agrave;m vi&#7879c&rdquo; c&#7911a Ch&#7911 t&#7883ch H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh l&agrave; hai t&aacute;c ph&#7849m l&yacute; lu&#7853n l&#7899n, c&#361ng l&agrave; nh&#7919ng t&aacute;c ph&#7849m v&ocirc; gi&aacute; v&#7873 gi&aacute;o d&#7909c l&yacute; lu&#7853n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 Ng&#432&#7901i &#273&#7875 l&#7841i. T&#432 t&#432&#7903ng c&#7911a Ng&#432&#7901i, nh&#7919ng l&#7901i t&acirc;m huy&#7871t c&#7911a Ng&#432&#7901i v&#7873 v&#7845n &#273&#7873 n&agrave;y &#273&atilde;, &#273ang v&agrave; m&atilde;i m&atilde;i soi s&aacute;ng s&#7921 nghi&#7879p x&acirc;y d&#7921ng &#272&#7843ng ta, &#272&#7843ng c&#7911a giai c&#7845p c&ocirc;ng nh&acirc;n v&agrave; to&agrave;n th&#7875 d&acirc;n t&#7897c Vi&#7879t Nam tr&ecirc;n h&agrave;nh tr&igrave;nh h&#432&#7899ng t&#7899i t&#432&#417ng lai./.</span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><br type="_moz" /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: right; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><strong>TS. Nguy&#7877n Th&#7883 T&igrave;nh</strong></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: right; "><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; "><strong>(Ngu&#7891n: T&#7841p ch&iacute; Tuy&ecirc;n gi&aacute;o)</strong></span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">----------</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">Ch&uacute; th&iacute;ch</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">(1), (2) (4). H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh,To&agrave;n t&#7853p, Nxb. Ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 qu&#7889c gia, H.1995, t.2, tr.274, 280, 268.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">(3). H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh,To&agrave;n t&#7853p, S&#273d, t.1, tr.482.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">(5). H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh,To&agrave;n t&#7853p, S&#273d t.7,tr.519,520.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">(6).Tr&#432&#7901ng Chinh, L&#7901i gi&#7899i thi&#7879u cu&#7889n s&aacute;ch &ldquo;&#272&#432&#7901ng K&aacute;ch m&#7879nh&rdquo;, Nxb.S&#7921 Th&#7853t, H,1982, tr.17.</span></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: small; "><span style="font-family: Arial; ">(7). H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh,To&agrave;n t&#7853p, S&#273d, t.12, tr.554.</span></span></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> </meta> </div> </html>

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