Cách mạng Tháng Mười Nga - ngọn cờ hiệu triệu hòa bình cho nhân loại

<html> <head> <meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=utf-8'> <title> </title> </head> <div> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title></title> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255);"><strong><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i Nga - ng&#7885n c&#7901 hi&#7879u tri&#7879u h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh cho nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i </span></span></strong></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i Nga n&#259m 1917 c&oacute; &yacute; ngh&#297a l&#7883ch s&#7917 v&#7873 nhi&#7873u m&#7863t, kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881 v&#7841ch m&#7889c th&#7901i &#273&#7841i, m&#7903 ra k&#7927 nguy&ecirc;n m&#7899i trong l&#7883ch s&#7917</span></span></div> <table width="200" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="right"> <tbody> <tr> <td><img width="295" height="209" alt="" src="1.jpg" /></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"> n&#432&#7899c Nga v&agrave; c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c b&#7883 n&ocirc; d&#7883ch, ph&#7909 thu&#7897c tr&ecirc;n th&#7871 gi&#7899i, m&agrave; c&ograve;n c&oacute; &yacute; ngh&#297a nh&acirc;n v&#259n s&acirc;u s&#7855c &#7903 ch&#7895 &#273&atilde; tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh ng&#7885n c&#7901 hi&#7879u tri&#7879u c&#7911a th&#7901i &#273&#7841i m&#7899i, th&#7901i &#273&#7841i &#273&#7845u tranh v&igrave; nh&#7919ng m&#7909c ti&ecirc;u cao c&#7843: h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, &#273&#7897c l&#7853p d&acirc;n t&#7897c, d&acirc;n ch&#7911 v&agrave; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i.<br /> <br /> <strong>Ng&#7885n c&#7901 hi&#7879u tri&#7879u h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh c&#7911a th&#7901i &#273&#7841i m&#7899i</strong><br /> <br /> C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i n&#7893 ra khi Chi&#7871n tranh th&#7871 gi&#7899i th&#7913 nh&#7845t b&#432&#7899c v&agrave;o giai &#273o&#7841n quy&#7871t li&#7879t, hai phe &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c &#273ang x&acirc;u x&eacute; nhau d&#7919 d&#7897i. C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i &#273&atilde; &ldquo;ch&#7863n l&#7841i nh&#7919ng b&agrave;n tay ch&eacute;m gi&#7871t&rdquo; v&agrave; ch&#7845m d&#7913t chi&#7871n tranh &#273&uacute;ng v&#7899i mong mu&#7889n c&#7911a nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i. M&#7897t trong nh&#7919ng kh&#7849u hi&#7879u m&agrave; C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i gi&#432&#417ng cao l&agrave;: h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, ph&#7843n &#273&#7889i chi&#7871n tranh, ch&#7845m d&#7913t chi&#7871n tranh &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c. B&#7903i v&#7853y, C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i &#273&atilde; gi&agrave;nh &#273&#432&#7907c thi&#7879n c&#7843m s&acirc;u s&#7855c c&#7911a nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n y&ecirc;u chu&#7897ng h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh &#7903 ch&acirc;u &Acirc;u v&agrave; c&#7843 nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i ti&#7871n b&#7897, t&#7841o ra phong tr&agrave;o ph&#7843n chi&#7871n ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng l&#7899n &#7903 ch&acirc;u &Acirc;u l&uacute;c b&#7845y gi&#7901. <br /> <br /> Ngay sau th&#7855ng l&#7907i c&#7911a C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i, Nh&agrave; n&#432&#7899c X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t &#273&atilde; th&#7921c hi&#7879n nh&#7919ng nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c m&#7899i trong quan h&#7879 gi&#7919a c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c v&agrave; c&aacute;c qu&#7889c gia. H&agrave;nh &#273&#7897ng &#273&#7847u ti&ecirc;n c&#7911a ch&iacute;nh quy&#7873n X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t l&agrave; th&ocirc;ng qua S&#7855c lu&#7853t v&#7873 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh c&#7911a V. I. L&ecirc;-nin (&#273&#259ng tr&ecirc;n b&aacute;o S&#7921 th&#7853t, s&#7889 171, ng&agrave;y 28-10-1917).<br /> <br /> Trong S&#7855c lu&#7853t v&#7873 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, V. I. L&ecirc;-nin kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881 l&ecirc;n &aacute;n nh&#7919ng h&agrave;nh &#273&#7897ng x&acirc;m chi&#7871m c&#7911a c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c, m&agrave; c&ograve;n k&#7883ch li&#7879t ph&ecirc; ph&aacute;n s&#7921 c&#432&#7905ng b&#7913c d&acirc;n t&#7897c, coi &#273&oacute; c&#361ng nh&#432 &ldquo;m&#7897t cu&#7897c x&acirc;m chi&#7871m v&agrave; m&#7897t h&agrave;nh vi b&#7841o l&#7921c&rdquo;(1). Ti&#7871p t&#7909c ti&#7871n h&agrave;nh chi&#7871n tranh &#273&#7875 ph&acirc;n chia quy&#7873n l&#7907i c&#7911a giai c&#7845p t&#432 s&#7843n, theo V. I. L&ecirc;-nin, &#273&oacute; l&agrave; &ldquo;m&#7897t t&#7897i &aacute;c l&#7899n nh&#7845t &#273&#7889i v&#7899i nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i&rdquo;(2). Trong S&#7855c lu&#7853t v&#7873 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, V. I. L&ecirc;-nin k&ecirc;u g&#7885i t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c tham gia chi&#7871n tranh ti&#7871n h&agrave;nh ngay nh&#7919ng cu&#7897c &#273&agrave;m ph&aacute;n v&#7873 m&#7897t h&ograve;a &#432&#7899c d&acirc;n ch&#7911 v&agrave; c&ocirc;ng b&#7857ng, kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; th&ocirc;n t&iacute;nh (kh&ocirc;ng x&acirc;m chi&#7871m &#273&#7845t &#273ai, kh&ocirc;ng c&#432&#7905ng &eacute;p s&aacute;p nh&#7853p c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c kh&aacute;c). V. I. L&ecirc;-nin kh&#7859ng &#273&#7883nh: &ldquo;Ch&iacute;nh ph&#7911 Nga r&#7845t s&#7861n s&agrave;ng ti&#7871n h&agrave;nh ngay kh&ocirc;ng ch&uacute;t ch&#7853m tr&#7877 t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c b&#432&#7899c quy&#7871t &#273&#7883nh, cho &#273&#7871n khi c&aacute;c h&#7897i ngh&#7883 &#273&#7841i bi&#7875u to&agrave;n quy&#7873n do nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c v&agrave; c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c c&#7917 ra ph&ecirc; chu&#7849n cu&#7889i c&ugrave;ng t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n c&#7911a h&ograve;a &#432&#7899c &#273&oacute;&rdquo;(3). <br /> <br /> S&#7855c lu&#7853t v&#7873 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh n&oacute;i l&ecirc;n b&#7843n ch&#7845t c&#7911a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i l&agrave; y&ecirc;u chu&#7897ng h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, &#273&#7889i l&#7853p v&#7899i b&#7843n ch&#7845t c&#7911a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c l&agrave; chi&#7871n tranh, x&acirc;m l&#432&#7907c. S&#7855c lu&#7853t v&#7873 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh &#273&atilde; n&ecirc;u nh&#7919ng nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c c&#7911a m&#7897t ki&#7875u quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871 m&#7899i, &#273&#432&#7907c &#273&#7873 ra kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843i tr&ecirc;n c&#417 s&#7903 c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c l&#7899n &aacute;p b&#7913c c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c nh&#7887, y&#7871u, m&agrave; l&agrave; tr&ecirc;n n&#7873n h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh c&#7911a t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c v&agrave; s&#7921 b&igrave;nh &#273&#7859ng c&#7911a c&aacute;c qu&#7889c gia, d&acirc;n t&#7897c. Ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch ngo&#7841i giao c&#7911a ch&iacute;nh quy&#7873n X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t c&#361ng &#273&#432&#7907c tr&igrave;nh b&agrave;y r&otilde; trong v&#259n ki&#7879n &#7845y. V&#7899i ni&#7873m tin v&agrave;o s&#7913c m&#7841nh ch&iacute;nh ngh&#297a c&#7911a h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh v&agrave; d&acirc;n ch&#7911, V. I. L&ecirc;-nin k&#7871t lu&#7853n: &ldquo;Phong tr&agrave;o c&ocirc;ng nh&acirc;n s&#7869 gi&agrave;nh &#273&#432&#7907c ph&#7847n th&#7855ng v&agrave; s&#7869 v&#7841ch ra con &#273&#432&#7901ng &#273i t&#7899i h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh v&agrave; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i&rdquo;(4). <br /> <br /> Kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881 d&#7915ng l&#7841i &#7903 S&#7855c lu&#7853t c&oacute; t&iacute;nh ch&#7845t v&#259n b&#7843n ph&aacute;p l&yacute;, ch&iacute;nh quy&#7873n X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t &#273&atilde; ki&ecirc;n tr&igrave; ph&#7845n &#273&#7845u trong th&#7921c ti&#7877n &#273&#7875 &#273&#7841t t&#7899i m&#7909c ti&ecirc;u h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, k&#7875 c&#7843 vi&#7879c ph&#7843i k&yacute; h&ograve;a &#432&#7899c, trong &#273&oacute; n&#432&#7899c Nga X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t ph&#7843i ch&#7845p nh&#7853n nh&#7919ng thi&#7879t th&ograve;i v&#7873 &#273&#7845t &#273ai, kinh t&#7871 nh&#432 H&ograve;a &#432&#7899c Br&eacute;t Li-t&#7889p &#273&#7847u n&#259m 1918. Th&#7921c t&#7871 cho th&#7845y, vi&#7879c c&ocirc;ng b&#7889 S&#7855c lu&#7853t v&#7873 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh v&agrave; to&agrave;n b&#7897 n&#7895 l&#7921c c&#7911a Nh&agrave; n&#432&#7899c X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t &#273&atilde; &#273&#432a n&#432&#7899c Nga ra kh&#7887i cu&#7897c chi&#7871n tranh &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c. L&#7853p l&#7841i n&#7873n h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, n&#432&#7899c Nga c&oacute; &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n thu&#7853n l&#7907i &#273&#7875 c&#7911ng c&#7889 ch&iacute;nh quy&#7873n nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n, &#7893n &#273&#7883nh kinh t&#7871 - x&atilde; h&#7897i, t&#7853p trung l&#7921c l&#432&#7907ng &#273&#7853p tan s&#7921 ph&#7843n kh&aacute;ng c&#7911a b&#7885n ph&#7843n c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng. Chi&#7871n th&#7855ng trong cu&#7897c n&#7897i chi&#7871n &aacute;c li&#7879t b&#7889n n&#259m, ch&iacute;nh quy&#7873n X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t &#273&#432&#7907c c&#7911ng c&#7889. Nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n lao &#273&#7897ng Nga v&agrave; nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c thu&#7897c Nga m&#7897t l&#7847n n&#7919a tho&aacute;t kh&#7887i th&#7843m h&#7885a chi&#7871n tranh, tho&aacute;t kh&#7887i nguy c&#417 tr&#7903 l&#7841i &aacute;ch b&oacute;c l&#7897t c&#7911a &#273&#7883a ch&#7911, t&#432 s&#7843n ph&#7843n &#273&#7897ng. V&#7873 sau, Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc; v&agrave; c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&atilde; gi&#432&#417ng cao, gi&#7919 v&#7919ng ng&#7885n c&#7901 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh &#7845y. <br /> <br /> V&#7899i th&#7855ng l&#7907i c&#7911a C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i v&agrave; s&#7921 ra &#273&#7901i c&#7911a Nh&agrave; n&#432&#7899c X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t m&agrave; t&#7915 ng&agrave;y 30-12-1922 l&agrave; Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc;, cu&#7897c &#273&#7845u tranh gi&#7919a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i v&agrave; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a t&#432 b&#7843n, gi&#7919a c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng v&agrave; ph&#7843n c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng b&#432&#7899c sang m&#7897t giai &#273o&#7841n m&#7899i, quy&#7871t li&#7879t h&#417n. Ch&#7911 ngh&#297a t&#432 b&#7843n bu&#7897c ph&#7843i &#273i&#7873u ch&#7881nh, kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 &ldquo;l&agrave;m m&#432a l&agrave;m gi&oacute;&rdquo; nh&#432 tr&#432&#7899c &#273&#432&#7907c n&#7919a. S&#7921 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n m&#7841nh m&#7869 c&#7911a phong tr&agrave;o c&aacute;ch m&#7841ng v&ocirc; s&#7843n m&#7903 &#273&#7847u b&#7857ng C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i v&agrave; phong tr&agrave;o gi&#7843i ph&oacute;ng d&acirc;n t&#7897c &#273&atilde; thu h&#7865p &ldquo;h&#7853u ph&#432&#417ng&rdquo; c&#7911a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c, h&#7879 th&#7889ng thu&#7897c &#273&#7883a c&#7911a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c s&#7909p &#273&#7893 t&#7915ng m&#7843ng l&#7899n. C&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c t&#7915ng b&#7883 th&#7921c d&acirc;n n&ocirc; d&#7883ch nay &ldquo;hi&ecirc;n ngang b&#432&#7899c l&ecirc;n v&#361 &#273&agrave;i qu&#7889c t&#7871&rdquo;, tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh l&#7921c l&#432&#7907ng &#273&#432a th&#7871 gi&#7899i ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n theo xu h&#432&#7899ng h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, &#273&#7897c l&#7853p d&acirc;n t&#7897c, d&acirc;n ch&#7911 v&agrave; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i. <br /> <br /> Chi&#7871n tranh th&#7871 gi&#7899i th&#7913 hai b&ugrave;ng n&#7893, do ch&#7911 ngh&#297a ph&aacute;t-x&iacute;t g&acirc;y ra. Nhi&#7873u qu&#7889c gia tr&ecirc;n c&aacute;c ch&acirc;u l&#7909c b&#7883 cu&#7889n v&agrave;o cu&#7897c chi&#7871n t&agrave;n kh&#7889c. &#272&#7875 b&#7843o v&#7879 T&#7893 qu&#7889c x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a, c&#7913u nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n th&#7871 gi&#7899i kh&#7887i h&#7885a di&#7879t ch&#7911ng, gi&#432&#417ng cao ng&#7885n c&#7901 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh c&#7911a C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i, Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc; &#273&atilde; hy sinh nhi&#7873u ng&#432&#7901i, nhi&#7873u c&#7911a, &#273&oacute;ng g&oacute;p l&#7899n nh&#7845t trong l&#7921c l&#432&#7907ng &#272&#7891ng minh &#273&#7875 l&agrave;m n&ecirc;n chi&#7871n th&#7855ng chung c&#7911a th&#7871 gi&#7899i. &ldquo;Vi&#7879c &#273&aacute;nh b&#7841i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a ph&aacute;t-x&iacute;t &#272&#7913c v&agrave; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a qu&acirc;n phi&#7879t Nh&#7853t &#273&atilde; m&#7903 ra nh&#7919ng kh&#7843 n&#259ng m&#7899i cho cu&#7897c &#273&#7845u tranh c&#7911a c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c v&agrave; h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh d&acirc;n ch&#7911, gi&#7843i ph&oacute;ng d&acirc;n t&#7897c v&agrave; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i&rdquo;(5).<br /> <br /> S&#7921 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n m&#7841nh m&#7869 v&agrave; th&#7847n k&#7923 c&#7911a Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc; sau Chi&#7871n tranh th&#7871 gi&#7899i th&#7913 hai &#273&atilde; &#273&#432a Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc; tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh bi&#7875u t&#432&#7907ng, tr&#7909 c&#7897t c&#7911a n&#7873n h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh th&#7871 gi&#7899i, ghi nh&#7919ng d&#7845u &#7845n &#273&#7853m n&eacute;t trong l&#7883ch s&#7917 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n x&atilde; h&#7897i lo&agrave;i ng&#432&#7901i. &#272&#7845t n&#432&#7899c X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t &#273&atilde; &#273&#7841t nh&#7919ng th&agrave;nh t&#7921u k&#7923 di&#7879u tr&ecirc;n m&#7885i l&#297nh v&#7921c, chi&#7871m l&#297nh nh&#7919ng &#273&#7881nh cao c&#7911a khoa h&#7885c - k&#7929 thu&#7853t hi&#7879n &#273&#7841i, &#273&#7863c bi&#7879t l&agrave; chinh ph&#7909c v&#361 tr&#7909 v&igrave; m&#7909c &#273&iacute;ch h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh.<br /> <br /> Trong th&#7901i k&#7923 Chi&#7871n tranh l&#7841nh, v&#7845n &#273&#7873 &#273&#7863t ra n&oacute;ng b&#7887ng tr&#432&#7899c nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i l&agrave; v&#7845n &#273&#7873 chi&#7871n tranh v&agrave; h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh. Ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c, ch&#7911 ngh&#297a th&#7921c d&acirc;n m&#7899i &#273&atilde; th&#7921c thi ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch gi&agrave;nh gi&#7853t th&#7883 tr&#432&#7901ng, ng&#259n c&#7843n c&aacute;c qu&#7889c gia th&#7921c hi&#7879n n&#7873n &#273&#7897c l&#7853p t&#7921 ch&#7911, ng&#259n c&#7843n phong tr&agrave;o gi&#7843i ph&oacute;ng d&acirc;n t&#7897c, k&igrave;m h&atilde;m xu h&#432&#7899ng ti&#7871n l&ecirc;n ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i c&#7911a nhi&#7873u qu&#7889c gia, d&acirc;n t&#7897c (m&agrave; h&#7885 g&#7885i l&agrave; &ldquo;ng&#259n ch&#7863n l&agrave;n s&oacute;ng &#273&#7887&rdquo;), k&igrave;m gi&#7919 nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c trong qu&#7929 &#273&#7841o t&#432 b&#7843n ch&#7911 ngh&#297a. Ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c &#273&atilde; s&#7917 d&#7909ng nh&#7919ng ti&#7871n b&#7897 khoa h&#7885c - k&#7929 thu&#7853t, nh&#7919ng th&agrave;nh t&#7921u c&#7911a lo&agrave;i ng&#432&#7901i v&agrave;o cu&#7897c ch&#7841y &#273ua v&#361 trang, ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n v&#361 kh&iacute; gi&#7871t ng&#432&#7901i h&agrave;ng lo&#7841t; theo &#273u&#7893i c&aacute;c ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch, t&#432 duy hi&#7871u chi&#7871n, x&acirc;m l&#432&#7907c nhi&#7873u qu&#7889c gia &#273&#7897c l&#7853p c&oacute; ch&#7911 quy&#7873n. Th&#7871 gi&#7899i trong th&#7901i k&#7923 Chi&#7871n tranh l&#7841nh &#273&atilde; ch&#7913ng ki&#7871n nhi&#7873u cu&#7897c chi&#7871n tranh c&#7909c b&#7897 &#273&#7851m m&aacute;u b&#7855t ngu&#7891n t&#7915 b&#7843n ch&#7845t hi&#7871u chi&#7871n v&agrave; d&atilde; t&acirc;m x&acirc;m l&#432&#7907c c&#7911a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c: chi&#7871n tranh &#272&ocirc;ng D&#432&#417ng, chi&#7871n tranh Tri&#7873u Ti&ecirc;n,... Nh&#432ng xu th&#7871 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n c&#7911a th&#7871 gi&#7899i l&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 &#273&#7843o ng&#432&#7907c: s&#7921 l&#7899n m&#7841nh c&#7911a c&aacute;c qu&#7889c gia &#273&#7897c l&#7853p tr&#7867 tu&#7893i; s&#7921 t&#259ng l&ecirc;n v&#7873 vai tr&ograve;, v&#7883 tr&iacute; c&#7911a c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c &#273ang ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n; s&#7921 h&igrave;nh th&agrave;nh v&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n c&#7911a h&#7879 th&#7889ng x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&atilde; ng&#259n ch&#7863n s&#7921 &aacute;p b&#7913c, b&oacute;c l&#7897t, n&ocirc; d&#7883ch c&#7911a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c tr&ecirc;n m&#7897t ph&#7841m vi r&#7845t l&#7899n c&#7911a th&#7871 gi&#7899i, t&#7841o &#273i&#7873u ki&#7879n cho cu&#7897c &#273&#7845u tranh v&igrave; h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, &#273&#7897c l&#7853p d&acirc;n t&#7897c, d&acirc;n ch&#7911 v&agrave; ti&#7871n b&#7897 x&atilde; h&#7897i &#273&#7841t &#273&#432&#7907c nh&#7919ng th&#7855ng l&#7907i to l&#7899n. Nh&#7901 s&#7921 h&#7907p l&#7921c &#273&#7845u tranh c&#7911a c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a, c&#7911a lo&agrave;i ng&#432&#7901i ti&#7871n b&#7897, chi&#7871n tranh th&#7871 gi&#7899i &#273&atilde; kh&ocirc;ng x&#7843y ra, h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh th&#7871 gi&#7899i v&#7873 c&#417 b&#7843n v&#7851n &#273&#432&#7907c gi&#7919 v&#7919ng. C&#7897ng &#273&#7891ng x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a th&#7871 gi&#7899i v&#7899i b&#7843n ch&#7845t y&ecirc;u chu&#7897ng h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, &#273&atilde; tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh th&agrave;nh tr&igrave; v&#7919ng ch&#7855c c&#7911a h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh th&#7871 gi&#7899i, ng&#432&#7901i b&#7843o v&#7879 ki&ecirc;n quy&#7871t nh&#7845t c&aacute;c nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c c&ocirc;ng b&#7857ng, h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, d&acirc;n ch&#7911 trong quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871 v&agrave; l&agrave; tr&#7903 l&#7921c ch&#7911 y&#7871u &#273&#7889i v&#7899i c&aacute;c th&#7871 l&#7921c ph&#7843n &#273&#7897ng qu&#7889c t&#7871. <br /> <br /> C&oacute; th&#7875 kh&#7859ng &#273&#7883nh, l&#7847n &#273&#7847u ti&ecirc;n trong l&#7883ch s&#7917, ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i &#273&atilde; x&acirc;y d&#7921ng th&agrave;nh c&ocirc;ng m&#7897t ki&#7875u m&#7851u v&#7873 quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871 ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n m&#7899i: &#272&oacute; l&agrave; m&#7889i quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871 d&#7921a tr&ecirc;n t&igrave;nh &#273o&agrave;n k&#7871t giai c&#7845p, t&igrave;nh h&#7919u ngh&#7883 gi&#7919a c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c, s&#7921 h&#7907p t&aacute;c v&agrave; t&#432&#417ng tr&#7907 trong c&ocirc;ng cu&#7897c x&acirc;y d&#7921ng v&agrave; b&#7843o v&#7879 x&atilde; h&#7897i m&#7899i, v&igrave; h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, an ninh qu&#7889c t&#7871 v&agrave; ti&#7871n b&#7897 x&atilde; h&#7897i, s&#7921 b&igrave;nh &#273&#7859ng v&agrave; t&ocirc;n tr&#7885ng &#273&#7897c l&#7853p, ch&#7911 quy&#7873n c&#7911a m&#7895i n&#432&#7899c. Ch&iacute;nh m&#7889i quan h&#7879 n&agrave;y l&agrave; t&aacute;c nh&acirc;n t&iacute;ch c&#7921c th&uacute;c &#273&#7849y c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c trong c&#7897ng &#273&#7891ng qu&#7889c t&#7871 x&iacute;ch l&#7841i g&#7847n nhau h&#417n trong qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n, phong tr&agrave;o h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh th&#7871 gi&#7899i &#273&atilde; h&igrave;nh th&agrave;nh &#273&#432&#7907c nh&#7919ng l&#7921c l&#432&#7907ng h&ugrave;ng h&#7853u. <br /> <br /> Th&#7921c t&#7871 l&#7883ch s&#7917 &#273&atilde; ch&#7913ng minh, sau khi nh&agrave; n&#432&#7899c x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&#432&#7907c khai sinh t&#7915 C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i Nga n&#259m 1917, &#273&#7863c bi&#7879t l&agrave; t&#7915 sau n&#259m 1945, khi nhi&#7873u n&#432&#7899c gi&agrave;nh &#273&#432&#7907c &#273&#7897c l&#7853p, &#273&atilde; l&#7921a ch&#7885n con &#273&#432&#7901ng ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a, h&igrave;nh th&agrave;nh h&#7879 th&#7889ng x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a th&#7871 gi&#7899i. H&#7879 th&#7889ng n&agrave;y &#273&atilde; c&oacute; vai tr&ograve; r&#7845t quan tr&#7885ng v&agrave; c&#7889ng hi&#7871n to l&#7899n &#273&#7889i v&#7899i ti&#7871n tr&igrave;nh th&#7921c hi&#7879n c&aacute;c m&#7909c ti&ecirc;u n&oacute;ng b&#7887ng c&#7911a nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i l&agrave;: h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, an ninh v&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n. H&ograve;a b&igrave;nh v&#7915a l&agrave; b&#7843n ch&#7845t, v&#7915a l&agrave; m&#7909c ti&ecirc;u c&#7911a ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i; ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i &#273&atilde; khai sinh ra m&#7897t ki&#7875u quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871 m&#7899i, s&#7899m n&ecirc;u l&ecirc;n v&agrave; th&#7921c hi&#7879n m&#7897t c&aacute;ch m&#7851u m&#7921c nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c c&ugrave;ng t&#7891n t&#7841i h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh gi&#7919a c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c c&oacute; ch&#7871 &#273&#7897 x&atilde; h&#7897i kh&aacute;c nhau. Nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c n&agrave;y c&ograve;n bao h&agrave;m s&#7921 ph&#7911 nh&#7853n chi&#7871n tranh v&#7899i t&#432 c&aacute;ch l&agrave; ph&#432&#417ng ti&#7879n th&#7921c hi&#7879n ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch &#273&#7889i ngo&#7841i c&#7911a c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c &#273&#7871 qu&#7889c, &#273&#7891ng th&#7901i th&#7915a nh&#7853n quy&#7873n c&#7911a t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c &#273&#432&#7907c t&#7921 m&igrave;nh gi&#7843i quy&#7871t v&#7853n m&#7879nh c&#7911a m&igrave;nh, t&ocirc;n tr&#7885ng ch&#7911 quy&#7873n, to&agrave;n v&#7865n l&atilde;nh th&#7893 v&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n s&#7921 h&#7907p t&aacute;c b&igrave;nh &#273&#7859ng gi&#7919a c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c. M&#7863t kh&aacute;c, h&#7879 th&#7889ng x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#273&atilde; n&acirc;ng cu&#7897c &#273&#7845u tranh cho h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh th&#7871 gi&#7899i l&ecirc;n t&#7847m cao m&#7899i khi g&#7855n h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh v&#7899i c&aacute;c m&#7909c ti&ecirc;u &#273&#7897c l&#7853p d&acirc;n t&#7897c, d&acirc;n ch&#7911 v&agrave; ti&#7871n b&#7897 x&atilde; h&#7897i.<br /> <br /> Nh&#432 v&#7853y, c&oacute; th&#7875 th&#7845y, ch&#7911 ngh&#297a x&atilde; h&#7897i &ldquo;sinh th&agrave;nh&rdquo; t&#7915 n&#432&#7899c Nga X&ocirc;-vi&#7871t &#273&atilde; tr&#7903 th&agrave;nh m&#7897t th&#7921c th&#7875 quan tr&#7885ng c&#7845u th&agrave;nh n&#7873n ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 th&#7871 gi&#7899i v&agrave; t&aacute;c &#273&#7897ng s&acirc;u r&#7897ng &#273&#7871n quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871, &#273&#7871n s&#7921 ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n c&#7911a n&#7873n v&#259n minh nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i. H&#7879 th&#7889ng x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a th&#7871 gi&#7899i &#273&atilde; nh&acirc;n l&ecirc;n s&#7913c m&#7841nh c&#7911a phong tr&agrave;o &#273&#7845u tranh b&#7843o v&#7879 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, s&#7921 s&#7889ng v&agrave; n&#7873n v&#259n minh nh&acirc;n lo&#7841i, ch&#7889ng chi&#7871n tranh v&agrave; nguy c&#417 chi&#7871n tranh, g&oacute;p ph&#7847n c&#7911ng c&#7889, ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n t&igrave;nh h&#7919u ngh&#7883 v&agrave; s&#7921 h&#7907p t&aacute;c gi&#7919a c&aacute;c d&acirc;n t&#7897c.<br /> <br /> <strong>Ti&#7871p t&#7909c ph&#7845t cao ng&#7885n c&#7901 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh c&#7911a C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i</strong><br /> <br /> K&#7875 t&#7915 &#273&#7847u th&#7853p ni&ecirc;n 90 c&#7911a th&#7871 k&#7927 XX &#273&#7871n nay, sau khi m&ocirc; h&igrave;nh x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a &#7903 Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc; v&agrave; c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c &#272&ocirc;ng &Acirc;u s&#7909p &#273&#7893, th&#7871 gi&#7899i &#273&atilde; c&oacute; nh&#7919ng bi&#7871n chuy&#7875n s&acirc;u s&#7855c, nhanh ch&oacute;ng, ph&#7913c t&#7841p, kh&oacute; l&#432&#7901ng. Trong tr&#7853t t&#7921 th&#7871 gi&#7899i m&#7899i &#273&atilde; di&#7877n ra xu h&#432&#7899ng chuy&#7875n t&#7915 &#273&#7889i &#273&#7847u sang &#273&#7889i tho&#7841i, h&ograve;a ho&atilde;n, b&igrave;nh th&#432&#7901ng h&oacute;a, &#273a d&#7841ng h&oacute;a v&agrave; &#273a ph&#432&#417ng h&oacute;a quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871, v&#7915a h&#7907p t&aacute;c, v&#7915a c&#7841nh tranh v&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n, nh&#432ng v&#7851n ti&#7873m &#7849n nh&#7919ng nguy c&#417 xung &#273&#7897t, chi&#7871n tranh c&#7909c b&#7897, khu v&#7921c. C&aacute;c v&#7845n &#273&#7873 to&agrave;n c&#7847u ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng gay g&#7855t, &#273&ograve;i h&#7887i s&#7921 h&#7907p s&#7913c c&#7911a t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c qu&#7889c gia. M&#7895i qu&#7889c gia &#273&#7873u ph&#7843i tham gia &#273&#7845u tranh &#273&#7875 ti&#7871n t&#7899i thi&#7871t l&#7853p m&#7897t tr&#7853t t&#7921 quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871 c&ocirc;ng b&#7857ng h&#417n, trong &#273&oacute;, m&#7895i n&#432&#7899c &#273&#7873u c&oacute; vai tr&ograve;, &#273&oacute;ng g&oacute;p c&#7847n thi&#7871t trong vi&#7879c gi&#7843i quy&#7871t c&aacute;c c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879c chung c&#7911a th&#7871 gi&#7899i, tr&ecirc;n n&#7873n t&#7843ng Hi&#7871n ch&#432&#417ng c&#7911a Li&ecirc;n h&#7907p qu&#7889c v&agrave; c&aacute;c cam k&#7871t khu v&#7921c, qu&#7889c t&#7871. Khi nh&#7919ng s&#7921 vi&#7879c x&#7843y ra g&#7847n &#273&acirc;y xung quanh v&#7845n &#273&#7873 Xy-ri, t&#7915 n&#432&#7899c Nga, qu&ecirc; h&#432&#417ng c&#7911a C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i, T&#7893ng th&#7889ng Li&ecirc;n bang Nga Vla-&#273i-mia Pu-tin &#273&atilde; c&oacute; b&agrave;i vi&#7871t g&#7917i t&#7901 New Yorks Times (M&#7929), nh&#7845n m&#7841nh m&#7897t trong nh&#7919ng nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c &#273&#7875 gi&#7843i quy&#7871t v&#7845n &#273&#7873 kh&#7911ng ho&#7843ng ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 c&#361ng nh&#432 xung &#273&#7897t v&#361 trang l&agrave; ph&#7843i t&ocirc;n tr&#7885ng Hi&#7871n ch&#432&#417ng c&#7911a Li&ecirc;n h&#7907p qu&#7889c, t&ocirc;n tr&#7885ng nh&#7919ng gi&aacute; tr&#7883 d&acirc;n ch&#7911 c&#7911a m&#7895i qu&#7889c gia, d&acirc;n t&#7897c, tr&ecirc;n nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c b&igrave;nh &#273&#7859ng, &#273&#7873 cao gi&#7843i ph&aacute;p ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 v&agrave; gi&#432&#417ng cao ng&#7885n c&#7901 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh: &ldquo;Nh&#7919ng ng&#432&#7901i s&aacute;ng l&#7853p Li&ecirc;n h&#7907p qu&#7889c hi&#7875u r&otilde; r&#7857ng nh&#7919ng quy&#7871t &#273&#7883nh v&#7873 chi&#7871n tranh v&agrave; h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh c&#7847n ph&#7843i &#273&#7841t &#273&#432&#7907c s&#7921 nh&#7845t tr&iacute;,&hellip; &#272i&#7873u &#273&uacute;ng &#273&#7855n n&agrave;y ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; n&#7873n t&#7843ng cho s&#7921 &#7893n &#273&#7883nh trong m&#7889i quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871 su&#7889t h&agrave;ng th&#7853p ni&ecirc;n qua&rdquo;. V&agrave; r&#7857ng, khi gi&#7843i quy&#7871t nh&#7919ng v&#7845n &#273&#7873 khu v&#7921c v&agrave; to&agrave;n c&#7847u, &ldquo;Ch&uacute;ng ta ph&#7843i d&#7915ng ngay vi&#7879c s&#7917 d&#7909ng v&#361 l&#7921c &#273&#7875 tr&#7903 l&#7841i v&#7899i con &#273&#432&#7901ng ngo&#7841i giao v&agrave; gi&#7843i ph&aacute;p ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883&rdquo;; &ldquo;C&oacute; n&#432&#7899c l&#7899n, n&#432&#7899c nh&#7887, c&oacute; n&#432&#7899c gi&agrave;u n&#432&#7899c ngh&egrave;o, c&oacute; n&#432&#7899c c&oacute; truy&#7873n th&#7889ng d&acirc;n ch&#7911 l&acirc;u d&agrave;i, v&agrave; c&oacute; n&#432&#7899c m&#7899i ch&#7881 &#273ang &#273i tr&ecirc;n con &#273&#432&#7901ng h&#432&#7899ng t&#7899i d&acirc;n ch&#7911. Ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch c&#7911a m&#7895i n&#432&#7899c c&#361ng s&#7869 kh&aacute;c nhau. Ch&uacute;ng ta &#273&#7873u kh&aacute;c nhau, nh&#432ng khi m&#7895i ch&uacute;ng ta nh&#7853n &#417n t&#7915 T&#7841o h&oacute;a, ch&uacute;ng ta kh&ocirc;ng &#273&#432&#7907c ph&eacute;p qu&ecirc;n r&#7857ng T&#7841o h&oacute;a &#273&atilde; sinh ra ch&uacute;ng ta b&igrave;nh &#273&#7859ng&rdquo;(6).<br /> <br /> V&#7899i t&#432 c&aacute;ch l&agrave; m&#7897t th&agrave;nh vi&ecirc;n c&oacute; tr&aacute;ch nhi&#7879m trong c&#7897ng &#273&#7891ng qu&#7889c t&#7871, su&#7889t g&#7847n 7 th&#7853p ni&ecirc;n qua (1945 - 2013), n&#432&#7899c Vi&#7879t Nam D&acirc;n ch&#7911 C&#7897ng h&ograve;a, nay l&agrave; C&#7897ng h&ograve;a x&atilde; h&#7897i ch&#7911 ngh&#297a Vi&#7879t Nam, &#273&atilde; l&agrave;m h&#7871t s&#7913c m&igrave;nh &#273&#7875 hi&#7879n th&#7921c h&oacute;a nh&#7919ng tuy&ecirc;n ng&ocirc;n v&#7873 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh c&#7911a C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i v&agrave; c&#7911a Tuy&ecirc;n ng&ocirc;n &#273&#7897c l&#7853p ng&agrave;y 2-9-1945 tr&ecirc;n &#273&#7845t n&#432&#7899c m&igrave;nh v&agrave; cho nh&#7919ng m&#7909c ti&ecirc;u cao c&#7843 c&#7911a th&#7901i &#273&#7841i. V&#7899i kh&aacute;t v&#7885ng h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, &#273&#7897c l&#7853p, t&#7921 do, Vi&#7879t Nam &#273&atilde; &#273&oacute;ng g&oacute;p t&iacute;ch c&#7921c v&agrave;o s&#7921 nghi&#7879p b&#7843o v&#7879 v&agrave; c&#7911ng c&#7889 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, an ninh khu v&#7921c v&agrave; qu&#7889c t&#7871. &#272&#432&#7901ng l&#7889i &#273&#7889i ngo&#7841i h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh c&#7911a Vi&#7879t Nam, &#273&#7863c bi&#7879t trong th&#7901i k&#7923 kh&aacute;ng chi&#7871n ch&#7889ng th&#7921c d&acirc;n Ph&aacute;p v&agrave; ch&#7889ng M&#7929, c&#7913u n&#432&#7899c &#273&atilde; c&oacute; ti&#7871ng vang l&#7899n, &#273&#432&#7907c s&#7921 &#7911ng h&#7897 v&agrave; h&#432&#7903ng &#7913ng m&#7841nh m&#7869 c&#7911a c&aacute;c t&#7847ng l&#7899p nh&acirc;n d&acirc;n c&aacute;c qu&#7889c gia, d&acirc;n t&#7897c tr&ecirc;n to&agrave;n th&#7871 gi&#7899i. <br /> <br /> S&#7921 nghi&#7879p &#273&#7893i m&#7899i, &#273&#7849y m&#7841nh c&ocirc;ng nghi&#7879p h&oacute;a, hi&#7879n &#273&#7841i h&oacute;a &#273&#7845t n&#432&#7899c, do &#272&#7843ng C&#7897ng s&#7843n Vi&#7879t Nam kh&#7903i x&#432&#7899ng v&agrave; l&atilde;nh &#273&#7841o di&#7877n ra trong b&#7889i c&#7843nh qu&#7889c t&#7871 c&oacute; nhi&#7873u v&#7853n h&#7897i, th&#7901i c&#417 l&#7899n &#273an xen v&#7899i nhi&#7873u th&aacute;ch th&#7913c, nguy c&#417 kh&ocirc;ng th&#7875 xem th&#432&#7901ng. &#272&#7841i h&#7897i XI c&#7911a &#272&#7843ng nh&#7853n &#273&#7883nh: &ldquo;N&#432&#7899c ta b&#432&#7899c v&agrave;o th&#7901i k&#7923 chi&#7871n l&#432&#7907c m&#7899i trong b&#7889i c&#7843nh th&#7871 gi&#7899i &#273ang thay &#273&#7893i r&#7845t nhanh, ph&#7913c t&#7841p, kh&oacute; l&#432&#7901ng. H&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, h&#7907p t&aacute;c v&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n v&#7851n l&agrave; xu th&#7871 l&#7899n, nh&#432ng xung &#273&#7897t s&#7855c t&#7897c, t&ocirc;n gi&aacute;o, chi&#7871n tranh c&#7909c b&#7897, can thi&#7879p, l&#7853t &#273&#7893, kh&#7911ng b&#7889 v&#7851n di&#7877n ra gay g&#7855t; c&aacute;c y&#7871u t&#7889 &#273e d&#7885a an ninh phi truy&#7873n th&#7889ng, t&#7897i ph&#7841m c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879 cao ti&#7871p t&#7909c gia t&#259ng. Nh&#7919ng v&#7845n &#273&#7873 to&agrave;n c&#7847u, nh&#432 an ninh t&agrave;i ch&iacute;nh, an ninh n&#259ng l&#432&#7907ng, an ninh l&#432&#417ng th&#7921c, bi&#7871n &#273&#7893i kh&iacute; h&#7853u, thi&ecirc;n tai, d&#7883ch b&#7879nh... s&#7869 ti&#7871p t&#7909c di&#7877n bi&#7871n ph&#7913c t&#7841p... Khu v&#7921c ch&acirc;u &Aacute; - Th&aacute;i B&igrave;nh D&#432&#417ng, trong &#273&oacute; c&oacute; khu v&#7921c &#272&ocirc;ng Nam &Aacute;, l&agrave; khu v&#7921c ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n n&#259ng &#273&#7897ng nh&#432ng v&#7851n t&#7891n t&#7841i nhi&#7873u nh&acirc;n t&#7889 g&acirc;y m&#7845t &#7893n &#273&#7883nh; tranh ch&#7845p l&atilde;nh th&#7893, bi&#7875n, &#273&#7843o ng&agrave;y c&agrave;ng gay g&#7855t&rdquo;(7). N&#7855m b&#7855t th&#7901i c&#417, v&#432&#7907t qua th&aacute;ch th&#7913c, &#273&#7849y m&#7841nh to&agrave;n di&#7879n v&agrave; s&acirc;u r&#7897ng s&#7921 nghi&#7879p &#273&#7893i m&#7899i, t&iacute;ch c&#7921c, ch&#7911 &#273&#7897ng trong h&#7897i nh&#7853p qu&#7889c t&#7871 c&#361ng l&agrave; qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh Vi&#7879t Nam nh&#7853n th&#7913c s&acirc;u s&#7855c ph&#7843i th&#7921c thi c&oacute; hi&#7879u qu&#7843, t&iacute;ch c&#7921c h&#417n n&#7919a vi&#7879c gi&#7843i quy&#7871t c&aacute;c v&#7845n &#273&#7873 c&#7911a khu v&#7921c v&agrave; th&#7871 gi&#7899i b&#7857ng ch&iacute;nh th&#7921c l&#7921c c&#7911a &#273&#7845t n&#432&#7899c &#273&#432&#7907c t&#7841o ra sau g&#7847n 30 n&#259m &#273&#7893i m&#7899i, b&#7857ng &#273&#432&#7901ng l&#7889i &#273&#7889i ngo&#7841i &#273&#7897c l&#7853p, t&#7921 ch&#7911, &#273a d&#7841ng h&oacute;a, &#273a ph&#432&#417ng h&oacute;a c&aacute;c quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871, Vi&#7879t Nam s&#7861n s&agrave;ng l&agrave; b&#7841n v&agrave; l&agrave; &#273&#7889i t&aacute;c tin c&#7853y c&#7911a t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c trong c&#7897ng &#273&#7891ng qu&#7889c t&#7871, ph&#7845n &#273&#7845u v&igrave; m&#7897t th&#7871 gi&#7899i h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh v&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n b&#7873n v&#7919ng.<br /> <br /> T&#7915 b&#7889i c&#7843nh t&igrave;nh h&igrave;nh trong n&#432&#7899c v&agrave; qu&#7889c t&#7871 hi&#7879n nay, &#272&#7843ng v&agrave; Nh&agrave; n&#432&#7899c Vi&#7879t Nam x&aacute;c &#273&#7883nh, &#273&#7875 b&#7843o v&#7879 v&#7919ng ch&#7855c n&#7873n h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, gi&#7843i quy&#7871t nh&#7919ng v&#7845n &#273&#7873 c&oacute; t&iacute;nh to&agrave;n c&#7847u kh&ocirc;ng ch&#7881 l&agrave; tr&aacute;ch nhi&#7879m c&#7911a ri&ecirc;ng m&#7897t qu&#7889c gia n&agrave;o, m&agrave; &#273&ograve;i h&#7887i s&#7921 h&#7907p s&#7913c, n&#7895 l&#7921c c&#7911a t&#7845t c&#7843 c&aacute;c n&#432&#7899c trong c&#7897ng &#273&#7891ng qu&#7889c t&#7871. C&#7847n ph&#7843i b&#7843o &#273&#7843m c&aacute;c nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855c c&#417 b&#7843n trong quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871: c&ugrave;ng t&#7891n t&#7841i h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, t&#432&#417ng tr&#7907, gi&uacute;p &#273&#7905 nhau nh&#432ng kh&ocirc;ng can thi&#7879p v&agrave;o c&ocirc;ng vi&#7879c n&#7897i b&#7897 c&#7911a nhau; kh&ocirc;ng ph&acirc;n bi&#7879t &#273&#7889i x&#7917 trong c&aacute;c quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871 b&igrave;nh &#273&#7859ng, c&ugrave;ng c&oacute; l&#7907i, gi&#7843i quy&#7871t nh&#7919ng b&#7845t &#273&#7891ng, xung &#273&#7897t b&#7857ng con &#273&#432&#7901ng ngo&#7841i giao, &#273&agrave;m ph&aacute;n h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh v&#7899i tinh th&#7847n thi&#7879n ch&iacute;, nh&acirc;n v&#259n; &#273&#7873 cao &#273&#7897c l&#7853p, t&#7921 ch&#7911, nh&#432ng kh&ocirc;ng bi&#7879t l&#7853p trong quan h&#7879 qu&#7889c t&#7871. &#272&oacute; c&#361ng ch&iacute;nh l&agrave; s&#7921 ti&#7871p n&#7889i v&agrave; ph&#7845t cao ng&#7885n c&#7901 h&ograve;a b&igrave;nh, h&#7919u ngh&#7883, h&#7907p t&aacute;c v&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875n c&#7911a C&aacute;ch m&#7841ng Th&aacute;ng M&#432&#7901i Nga trong b&#7889i c&#7843nh m&#7899i c&#7911a &#273&#7845t n&#432&#7899c v&agrave; th&#7901i &#273&#7841i./.<br /> <br /> --------------------------------------<br /> <em><br /> (1) V. I. L&ecirc;-nin: To&agrave;n t&#7853p, Nxb. Ti&#7871n b&#7897, M&aacute;t-xc&#417-va, 1976, t. 35, tr. 15<br /> <br /> (2) V. I. L&ecirc;-nin: S&#273d, t. 35, tr. 15<br /> <br /> (3) V. I. L&ecirc;-nin: S&#273d, t. 35, tr. 14 <br /> <br /> (4) V. I. L&ecirc;-nin: S&#273d, t. 35, tr. 19<br /> <br /> (5) C&#432&#417ng l&#297nh, &#272i&#7873u l&#7879 &#272&#7843ng C&#7897ng s&#7843n Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc; (&#273&#432&#7907c &#272&#7841i h&#7897i XXVII &#272&#7843ng C&#7897ng s&#7843n Li&ecirc;n X&ocirc; th&ocirc;ng qua), Nxb. S&#7921 th&#7853t - Nxb. Th&ocirc;ng t&#7845n N&ocirc;-v&ocirc;-xti, M&aacute;t-xc&#417-va, 1986, tr. 10-11<br /> <br /> (6) Xem B&agrave;i vi&#7871t c&#7911a V. Pu-tin tr&ecirc;n New York Times: vnexpress.net/.../bai-viet-cua-putin-tren-new-york-times-2879043.html, ng&agrave;y13-9-2013<br /> <br /> (7) V&#259n ki&#7879n &#272&#7841i h&#7897i &#273&#7841i bi&#7875u to&agrave;n qu&#7889c l&#7847n th&#7913 XI, Nxb. Ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 qu&#7889c gia - S&#7921 th&#7853t, H&agrave; N&#7897i, 2011, tr. 27-29</em><br /> </span></span></div> <div style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br /> <strong>TS. &#272&#7894 XU&Acirc;N TU&#7844T</strong><br /> <em>Ph&oacute; V&#7909 tr&#432&#7903ng V&#7909 T&#7893 ch&#7913c C&aacute;n b&#7897, <br /> H&#7885c vi&#7879n Ch&iacute;nh tr&#7883 - H&agrave;nh ch&iacute;nh qu&#7889c gia H&#7891 Ch&iacute; Minh</em><br /> <br /> (Ngu&#7891n: TCCS)<br /> <br /> </span></span></div> </meta> </div> <div>&nbsp;</div> </html>

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Ngày 14-12, Ban Thường vụ Thành Đoàn đã phối hợp với Bộ Tư lệnh Thành phố, Trung đoàn Gia Định tổ chức ngày hội Thanh niên khỏe khu vực lực lượng vũ trang và hành trình “Tiếp lửa truyền thống” với chủ đề “Tự hào người chiến sĩ quân đội nhân dân Việt Nam”.

Agile Việt Nam
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